Showing posts sorted by relevance for query Saliadeen Sicey. Sort by date Show all posts
Showing posts sorted by relevance for query Saliadeen Sicey. Sort by date Show all posts

Tuesday, 28 May 2024

Karanta Tarihin Rayuwar Annabi Dauda (A.S)

Karanta Tarihin Rayuwar Annabi Dauda (A.S)

Dauda ko Dawūd (Da Larabci: داوود ) Annabi ne na Ba'isra'ila wanda kuma sarki ne. Annabi Dauda (AS) yana da murya mai kyau na rera waƙar Yabon Ubangiji kuma Allah ya ba shi fasahar ƙera makamai.


Tarihin Annabi Dauda
Hoto: Muslim Pro


MarubuciSaliadeen Sicey



Yana da shari'a ita ce Littafin Zabura da Allah ya saukar masa da shi. Dauda (AS) ya ci Urushalima (Kudus) domin Isra’ilawa.


Haihuwa


Annabi Dawud alaihissalam ana kiransa da Dawud a wajen Yahudawa. An haife shi a Urushalima (Birnin Kudus) a ƙarni na 10 kafin Haihuwar Annabi Isa (AS) Kamar sauran Annabawa, Annabi Dawud alaihissalam ya kasance masoyi Annabin ALLAH (SWT), kuma ALLAH (SWT) ya ba shi ikon mu'ujiza da ƙarfi da girma. Shi ne wanda ya kafa hukunce-hukuncen ALLAH Maɗaukakin Sarki a bayan ƙasa.


Imam al-Baqir (RA) ya yi nuni da Dauda (AS) a matsayin ɗaya daga cikin annabawan da su ma suka kasance masu mulki. Dauda (AS) ya yi zamani da Lukman. Dauda (AS) ya yabi Lukman a lokacin da ya yi masa nasiha.


A Cikin Alkur'ani 


An ambaci Annabi Dawud alaihissalam sau 16 da sunansa a cikin surori daban-daban na Alƙur'ani a ruwayoyi daban-daban.


An Saukar da Littafin Zubur (Zabura) Ga Dawud alaihissalam.


"Kuma Ubangijinka ne Mafi sani ga Abinda ke cikin sammai da ƙassai. Kuma lalle ne, haƙiƙa, Mun fĩfĩta sãshen Annabãwa a kan sãshe, kuma Mun bai wa Dãwũda zabura. " (k:17:55).


Zabura


Kamar yadda Alƙur'ani da hadisai suka zo, Allah ya saukar da Zabur ga Dauda (AS). Littafin tarin wa'azi ne, da addu'o'i. Kalmar “Zabur” ta zo sau uku a cikin Alkur’ani a cikin suratun Nisa’i , (Alkur’ani 4) al-Anbiya’ (Qur’an 21), da al-Isra’i. (Alkur'ani 17). 


Fitattun Halaye


Halaye da yawa an jingina su ga Dauda (AS) a cikin ayoyi da hadisai na Kur'ani. Kamar yadda kur’ani ya faɗa, Dauda (AS) yana iya fahimtar harshen dabbobi, Allah ya ba shi mulki da hikima, kuma Allah ya hore masa duk abin da yake so ya koya. An ruwaito Dauda (AS) ya kasance mutum ne mai yawan bautar Allah kuma yana kuka saboda tsoron Allah. 


Akwai hadisai da yawa dangane da ibadun Annabi Dauda (AS), Annabi Muhammad (SAWW) ya yaba da azumi da addu'ar Daud. 


Daud (AS) yana azumi kowace rana. 


A cikin ingantaccen Hadisi Annabi Muhammad SAW yana cewa: “ Mafi soyuwar Sallah a wurin Allah (SWT) ita ce Sallar Dawud kuma mafi soyuwa a wajen Allah (SWT) Ita ce Sallar Dawud. Ya kasance yana barci rabin farkon dare ya sallaci kashi ɗaya bisa uku nasa, ya sake yin barci (sake) ɗaya bisa shida. Kuma ya kasance yana yin azumin ranaku daban-daban. Kuma a lokacin da ya gamu da abokin gaba bai taɓa guduwa ba. (Bukhari)


Daya daga cikin abubuwan da suka faru na ƙarfinsa da miƙa wuya ga ALLAH (SWT) tun yana ƙarami ya zo a cikin Alkur'ani a cikin suratu Baqarah.


Sai suka rinjãye su da iznin Allah, kuma Dãwũda ya kashe Jalũta, kuma Allah Ya ba shi mulki da hikima (wato Annabci) kuma Ya sanar da shi daga abin da Yake so. Kuma ba domin Allah Ya duba mutane da sãshe ba, dã ƙasa an ɓãci, kuma amma Allah ne Ma'abũcin falala ga tãlikai. (Qur'an 2:251)


Kamar yadda Alkur’ani ya faɗa, duwatsu da tsuntsaye sun ɗaukaka Allah tare da Dauda (AS). Akwai kissoshi daban-daban na abin da ɗaukakar tsaunuka da tsuntsaye suke nufi.


Hukunci


Allah ya ba Dauda (AS) hikima da fahimi a magana kuma ya umurce shi ya yi hukunci a kan mutane masu jayayya An kawo shari'o'in hukunce-hukuncen Dauda a cikin Kur'ani.


Yin Makamai


Kamar yadda Kur'ani ya faɗa, Allah ya koya wa Dauda (AS) yin makamai. Kamar yadda majiyoyin hadisai suka ruwaito, Allah ya yaba wa Dauda (AS) kuma ya gaya masa cewa shi bawane nagari, amma Annabi Dawud baya ji daɗin cewa ba shi da wani aiki kuma ya dogara da dukiyar jama'a don rayuwarsa. Dauda (AS) ya yi baƙin ciki da hakan kuma ya yi kuka. Sa'an nan sai, Allah ya hore masa yin sulke. Dauda (AS) ya ƙera kuma ya sayar da makamai. Don haka, ya yi rayuwa ta wannan hanyar Wannan sana'ar ya daina dogaro da dukiyar jama'a.


Annabi Dawud alaihissalam shi ne farkon wanda ALLAH (SWT ya yi masa gwanintar ƙera makamai da sulke na ƙarfe. ALLAH (SWT) ya ba shi mu'ujiza ta yadda yana iya narkar da ƙarfe a hannunsa ya mai da shi makamai da sulke.


ALLAH (SWT) yana faɗa a cikin suratu Saba: “ Kuma lalle ne, haƙiƙa, Mun bai wa Dawud falala daga gare Mu (Muka ce): “Ya ku duwatsu! Ku maimaita gõdiya tãre da shi, da tsuntsãye. Kuma Muka tausasa masa baƙin ƙarfe, (Muka ce): "Ka sanya waɗansu riguna masu faɗi, kuma ka auna Na'ura da kyau, kuma ka aikata ayyukan ƙwarai." Lalle Nĩ, Mai gani ne ga abin da kuke aikatãwa. (Alkurani 34:10-11).


Murya mai kyau


An yi imanin Dauda (AS) yana da murya Mai Kyau kuma ana ganin cewa babu wanda Allah ya ba shi irin wannan muryar waƙa mai kyau. An ce lokacin da Dauda (AS) ya karanta zabura dukan dabbobi sun je wurinsa suna sauraron muryarsa.


Jalut 


Bayan wafatin Annabi Musa Alaihissalam , sai Banu Isra’ila suka zama marasa tarbiyya. Domin su gane rashin biyayyarsu da taurin kai, da kuma tunatar da su zuwa ga ALLAH, sai Allah SWT ya jarrabe su da sanya wani daga cikin mafi munin azzalumai a matsayin shugabansu mai suna Jalut (Goliath). Banu Isra’ila sun gaji da wulaƙanci da ci gaba da yaƙuƙuwa da cin kashi a masarautar Jalut.


Talut
Hoto: My Islam 


Bayan shekaru masu yawa na jarrabawa, Allah (SWT) ya zaɓi Talut ya zama sarkin Banu Isra'ila. Talut manomi ne, kuma ya kasance mai biyayya, mai ƙarfi, mai hikima.


Talut yana da mutane da makamai a cikin sojojinsa, amma duk da haka, Jalut ya fi shi mallakar katafaren runduna, da ƙarfi, da kuma cikakkun kayan yaƙi nesa ba kusa ba. Dukan rundunonin biyu sun shirya yin fafatawa. Banu Isra'ila sun tsorata ganin girman rundunar Jalut.


Sarki Talut ya bayyana cewa duk wanda ya kashe Jalut zai ba shi Auren ɗiyarsa.


Ba wanda ya kuskura ya shiga gaba ya fara faɗa a wannan lokacin, sai ga wani yaro ƙarami ya fito yana cewa zan yaƙi Jalut. Talut ya ƙi yarda. Sai dai yaron ya dage a bar shi ya ce, na kashe zaki a daren jiya don in yi faɗa da Jalut. Wannan jarumin yaron shi ne Annabi Dawud alaihissalam.


Talut ya yarda kuma ya sa shi ya sa sulke don ya fara yaƙi. Annabi Dawud ya tafi da sulke kasancewar shi matashi ne kuma mai fata. Dawud alaihissalam ya fuskanci Jalut ba da wani makami ko takobi ba, sai Abin harbi majajjawa da ’yan tsakuwoyi. Ya yi addu'ar Allah (SWT) ya taimake shi ya shirya kashe Jalut.


Ya harbe shi harbin majajjawa, dutsen ya kai ga goshin Jalut. An buge shi da ƙarfi, nan take ya faɗi da jini na fita daga goshinsa, sai aka ga ya mutu cikin daƙiƙu.


Sojojin Jalut sun firgita ganin shugabansu ya mutu cikin daƙika. Daga nan sai Banu Isra'ila suka ci nasara a yaƙi akan sojojin Filistiyawa da yardar Allah (SWT) da taimakonsa duk da cewa ba su da yawa kuma ba su da kayan aiki.


Daga nan sai Dawud alaihissalam ya shiga ƙasa mai tsarki ta Kudus tare da iyalansa da sauran salihai.


Kamar yadda yayi alƙawari Talut ya aurar da ‘yarsa ga Annabi Dawud alaihissalam. Haka nan Talut ya naɗa Dawud alaihissalam a matsayin kwamandan rundunarsa.


Soyayya da ɗaukakar da Annabi Dawud yake samu daga mutane ya sanya Talut ya fara hassada da Dawud.


Wannan wuta ta kishi ta yi tsanani har Talut ya yi shirin kashe shi. Talut ya rinka tura shi yaki masu hatsari domin makiya su kashe shi, amma Annabi Dawud ya ci nasara a kowane yaqi da taimakon ALLAH (SWT).


A lokacin da Annabi Dawud ya samu labarin shirin Talut, sai ya bar wurin tare da iyalansa a wannan dare ya fake a wani kogo. Wasu mutane da yawa kuma sun sami mafaka tare da shi a cikin kogon. Sannan Annabi Dawud alaihissalam ya tafi daular Palastinu da ke maƙwabtaka da ita tare da mutanensa.


Talut ya kai hari kan Falasdinawa. Talut Ya mutu a wannan yaƙin kuma sojojinsa suka gudu. Annabi Dawud Alaihissalam ya zama sarkin Palastinu.


Annabi Dawud alaihissalam ya shafe shekaru 40 yana mulkin ƙasar Falasdinu cikin aminci da kwanciyar hankali. Ya yi shekara 7 a Hebron, ya kuma yi shekara 33 a Kudus (Urushalima).


Annabi Dawud ya fara gina masallacin Al-Aqsa wanda ya ruguje, ya yi babban aikin Gina Masallacin amma ya kasa kammala shi ya rasu. Daga baya ɗansa Annabi Sulaimanu Alaihissalam ya kammala gina masallacin Aqsa (Masallacin Kudus).


Mutuwa 


Dauda (AS) ya mutu yana da shekara ɗari, bayan shekaru arba'in Yana sarauta.


Ku ci-gaba da kasancewa tare da mu a kodayaushe domin ci gaba da samun tarihin Annabawa da Manzanni da Sahabbai tare da salihan bayin Allah nagari, da kuma fitattun mutane a Duniyar Musulunci.

Saturday, 13 July 2024

Karanta Ingantaccen Tarihin Rayuwar Annabi Ayuba (A.S)

Karanta Ingantaccen Tarihin Rayuwar Annabi Ayuba (A.S)

Annabi Ayyub (Ayyuba) zuriyar Annabi Ibrahim ne. Mahaifiyar Ayyub ɗiya ce ga Annabi Luɗu kuma matarsa ​​ta kasance zuriyar Annabi Yusuf kaitsaye. Ayyub ya zauna a Roma tare da masoyiyar matarsa ​​Rahma da 'ya'ya goma sha huɗu.


Tarihin Annabi Ayuba (A.S) (Hoton nan na jarumin da ya jagoranci shirin tarihi na musamman a kan tarihin Annabi Ayuba (A.S) ne)
Hoto: Digi Studio 


MarubuciSaliadeen Sicey


Ibn Ishaq ya ce Annabi Ayyub (Ayyuba) Nasabarsa ita ce Ayyub Ibn Musa Ibn Razih Ibn 'Ees bn Ishaq Ibn Ibraheem (amincin Allah ya tabbata a gare su baki ɗaya).


Sai dai wasu sun ce nasabarsa ita ce Ayyub bn Musa bn Ra'ooeel bn Ees bn Ishaq bn Ya'qub (amincin Allah da amincin Allah su tabbata a gare su baki ɗaya).


Don haka madaidaiciyar magana shi ne cewa ya fito daga zuriyar ‘Ees Ibn Ishaq Ibn Ibraheem (amincin Allah ya tabbata a gare su baki ɗaya). Dangane da sunan matarsa, an ce ita ce Leea bint Ya’qub (amincin Allah da amincin Allah su tabbata a gare shi). Wasu kuma suka ce sunanta Rahmah bint Ifratheem. Wasu kuma suna da'awar cewa ita ce Leea bint Mansa Ibn Ya'qoob (amincin Allah ya tabbata a gare shi). Wannan shi ne ra'ayi mafi shahara. Allah Shi ne Masani.


Ayyub Annabi ne wanda Allah ya yi masa ni'ima mai yawa, yana da ƙarfi da lafiya, yana da filaye masu yawa, da dabbobi masu yawan gaske, da iyali na ƙwarai kuma kyawawa; kana ya kasance shugaban al'umma wanda al'ummarsa ke matuƙar mutuntawa da ƙaunarsa.


Duk da matsayinsa da arzikinsa, Ayyub bai taɓa girman kai ba; ya kasance mai tawali’u a kodayaushe, ya kasance mai saurin taimakon wanda ba shi da shi, kuma ya kasance yana gode wa Allah da tasbihi a kan duk abin da ya yi masa na albarka.


Ayuba ko Ayyub ( Da Larabci: اَیّوب ) Annabin Allah ne, ya sha fama da cututtuka da asarar 'ya'yansa da dukiyarsa. Ya kasance mai haƙuri a lokacin jarrabawarsa, bai gushe ba yana yin ibada da godiya ga Allah.


Kur'ani bai ambaci cikakkun bayanai game da jarrabawar da aka yi wa Annabi Ayuba ba, amma Littafin Bible da wasu hadisai na musulunci sun ruwaito cewa mutane sun fara nisantar da Ayuba (A.S) saboda ciwonsa. Kur'ani bai ambaci komai game da hakan ba sai dai ya yaba masa don haƙurinsa.


A cewar malaman tafsirin, Ayuba (A.S) ya yi rantsuwa cewa zai yi wa matarsa ​​bulala ɗari amma daga baya ya yi nadamar yin irin wannan rantsuwa. Sai aka yi wahayi zuwa gare shi cewa ya buge ta sau guda ɗaya da tarin bulalai ɗari, ya kiyaye rantsuwarsa ta aiwatar da haka. Akwai saɓani tsakanin masu tarihi kan dalilin rantsuwar Ayuba.


Babu tabbataccen bayani game da wurin da aka binne Ayuba (A.S). Sai dai kuma akwai kaburbura da dama a ƙasashe daban-daban da ake danganta su gare shi, kamar wani kabari kusa da Hillah a ƙasar Iraki.


An ce Annabi nan da aka ambata a cikin ikin Al-Qur'ani Dhul-Kifl ɗan Ayuba (A.S) ne, wanda sunan sa shi ne Bishr.


Ibn Jareer da waninsa sun ambaci cewa Ayyub (amincin Allah ya tabbata a gare shi) ya rasu yana da shekaru casa’in da uku. Wasu kuma suka ce ya rayu fiye da haka.


Kafin ya rasu ya damƙa wa ɗansa Hawmal amanarsa ɗansa Bishr bayansa, Mutane da yawa suna cewa shi ne Zul Kifli, Allah ne Mafi sani. Su ma waɗannan mutane suna da’awar cewa shi Annabi ne, wanda ya rasu yana da shekaru casa’in da biyar.


Ayyub (amincin Allah ya tabbata a gare shi) ya rayu a ƙasar Rum tsawon shekaru saba'in bayan gama jinyarsa. Ya yi musu wa'azi da addini da tauhidin Ubangiji Guda. Sai dai daga baya sun canza addinin Ibrahim (AS) bayan rasuwarsa.


Annabi Ayuba A Cikin Alkur'ani


Lalle Mũ, Mun yi wahayi zuwa gare ka, kamar yadda Muka yi wahayi zuwa ga Nũhu da annabãwa daga bãyansa. Kuma Muka yi wahayi zuwa ga Ibrãhĩm da Ismã'ĩla da Is'hãƙa da Yãƙũbu da zuriyya da Isah da Ayuba da Yũnusa da Hãrũna da Sulaimãn kuma Mun bai wa Dãwũda littãfi. ( Suratul Nisa'i  aya ta 161-163).


Waɗanda suka yi ĩmãni, kuma ba su gauraya imaninsu da zãlunci ba, waɗannan su ne amintattu, kuma sũ, mãsu shiryuwa ne. Kuma waccan ita ce hujjarMu, Muka bai wa Ibrãhĩm a kan mutãnensa. Muna ɗaukaka darajõji ga wanda Muka so. Lalle Ubangijinka Mai hikima ne, Masani. Kuma Muka bai wa Ibrãhĩm da Is'hãƙa da Yãƙũbu, dukansu Mun shiryar dasu. Kuma Nuhu, Mun shiryar da shi a gabaninsu. kuma a cikin zuriyarsa, Dauda da Sulemanu da Ayuba da Yusufu da Musa da Haruna. Kamar haka Muke sãka wa mãsu kyautatãwa ( Suratul Anam Ayat 82-84).


Kuma (ka ambaci) Ayuba, a lokacin da ya kirayi Ubangijinsa, "Lalle ne, cũta ta shãfe ni, kuma Kai ne Mafi rahamar mãsu rahama." Sai Muka karɓa masa, kuma Muka kuranye abin da ya sãme shi na cũta. Kuma Muka ba shi iyalansa da kwatankwacinsa tãre da su, dõmin rahama daga gare Mu, kuma da tunãtarwa ga mãsu bauta. ( Suratul Anbiya aya ta 83-84).


Godiya ta tabbata ga Allah wanda ya bani ikon bayar da labarin sahihin Tarihin Annabi Ayuba mai daraja.

Friday, 13 September 2024

Karanta Asalin Tarihin Kalandar Habasha/Ethiopia

Karanta Asalin Tarihin Kalandar Habasha/Ethiopia

'Yan Ethiopia na fara sabuwar shekararsu da cin abinci tare da iyalai daban-daban a lokaci guda, duk da matsananciyar rayuwar da ake fama da ita da tashin farashin kaya da yunwa da ta mamaye yankin arewaci.


Asalin Tarihin Kalandar Habasha/Ethiopia 
Hoto: Ewnra

MarubuciSaliadeen Sicey


Karanta ƙarin bayanai game da tsarin kalandarsu ta musamman da kuma al'adunsu.


1). Wata 13 ne ke yin shekara daya.


Ba wannan ba ma - kalandar Ethiopia tana bayan ta ƙasashen yamma da shekara bakwai da wata takwas, inda ranar Lahadi ta zama farkon shekarar 2015. Wannan ko ya biyo bayan ƙidayar shekarar haihuwar Annabi Isa da suke yi daban da na waɗannan ƙasashe. Lokacin da Cocin Katolika ta sauya ƙirgenta a shekarar 500 AD (bayan wafatin Annabi Isa), amma a lokacin Cocin Latolika ta Ethiopia ba ta sauya tata kalandar ba. Don haka shekarar ta faɗo a ranar 11 ga watan Satumba a kalandar ƙasashen Yamma, wannan daidai da lokacin bazara kenan


Yaran Ethiopia ba irin na ko'ina ba ne, domin kuwa su da sun fara girma ake koya musu waƙe da za su riƙa tuna kwana nawa ne a kowanne wata. Abin ba shi da wuya sosai a Ehiopia: wata 12 na farkon shekera duka suna da kwanaki 30, sai na 13 da ke yin kwana biyar ko shida, ya danganta da yanayi a shekarar.


Yadda ake duba lokaci shi ma na da bambanci - lokacin ana raba shi biyu ne, awa 12 da ke fara wa daga ƙarfe 6:00 wanda yake a matsayin maraice da kuma cikin dare, zuwa shidan safe.


2. Ita ce ƙasar Afrika tilo da ba a yi wa mulkin mallaka ba


Italiya ta so yi wa Ethiopia ko in ce Abyssinia kamar yadda ake kiranta a 1895 mulkin mallaka, lokacin da ƙasashen Turai ke ta hanƙoran kasafta ƙasashen nahiyar a tsakaninsu - sai dai mutanen Italiyan sun ƙare da jin kunyar gaza shiga kasar.


Italiya ta yi wa maƙociyar ƙasar Eritrea mulkin mallaka lokacin da wani kamfanin Italiyan ya sayi tashar jirgin ruwa da ke Assab.


Kuma an shiga ruɗani ne bayan mutuwar sarkin Habasha Yohannes IV a 1889 wanda ya ba su damar amfani da wani tudu da ke kusa da teku.


Shekaru kaɗan Italiya ta yi yunƙurin ƙara kutsawa Ethiopia, amma ta kwashi kashinta a hannu a yaƙin da aka kira da yaƙin Adwa. Cikin 'yan sa'o'i aka murƙushe wasu manyan kwamandojin Italiya a ranar 1 ga watan Maris din 1896 lokacin da mayaƙan sarki Menelik II suka afka musu.


An matsa wa Italiya ta sanya hannu kan wata yarjejeniya da za ta tabbatar da 'yancin kan Ethiopia - duk da dai bayan shekaru kusan goma Shugaba Benito Mussolini ya yi watsi da ita, ya kuma mamaye ƙasar na kusan shekara biyar. 


Ɗaya daga cikin waɗanda suka gajin Menelik, Sarki Haile Selassie ya ci gajiyar nasarar da ya samu a kan Italiya ta yadda ya ƙirƙiri ƙungiyar haɗin kan ƙasashen Afrika wadda a yanzu ake kiranta AU da ke da hedikwatarta a Addis Ababa babban birnin Ethiopia.


Lokacin ƙaddamar da ƙungiyar a 1963 Selassie ya ce "Yancin da muka samu ba shi da wata ma'ana har sai sauran ƙasashen Afrika sun samu 'yanci" lokacin da kuma mafi yawan ƙasashen nahiyar ba su samu 'yancin kai ba


3). Basarake Haile Selassie wanda masu bin addinin Rastafarian ke bauta masa. Wannan ya faro ne lokacin da wani jagoran fafutukar 'yancin baƙar fata Marcus Garvey, ya yi bayani a 1920, wanda shi ne jagoran wata tafiya da aka yi wa take da 'Mayar da baƙaƙen fata Afrika', inda ya ce "ku yi duba zuwa Afrika lokacin da za a naɗa wa wani sarki sarauta ranar 'yanci na kusa."


Shekara 10 baya, lokacin da wani matashin mai shekara 38 Ras Tafari aka naɗa shi a matsayin Haile Selassie I, da yawa a Jamaica na kallan wannan tafiya kamar ta annabta. A nan aka fara tafiyar Rastafari. Mawaƙin nan Bob Marley na ɗaya daga cikin mutanen da suka riƙa yaɗa sakon Rasta - a waƙoƙin sa.


Wannan fefen da Bob Marley ya yi, jaridar Time Magazine ta ayyana shi a matsayin fefen da ya fi ko wanne a ƙarni na 20. wanda ya nuna buƙatar Rasta ta mayar da mutanen Afrika gida. Waɗanda aka tilasta wa zuwa Turai lokacin mulkin mallaka.


A yau masu bin addinin Rastafara ƙalilan ne ke rayuwa a wani yankin Ethiopia da ake kira Shashamene, mai nisan kilomita 225 daga kudancin Addis Ababa, a wani lardi da Sarki Selassie ya bayar domin baƙaƙen fata da ke shirin dawowa daga ƙasashen yamma wanda ya goyi baya. Sarki Selassie wanda mabiyin addinin Kirista ne ba mabiyin addinin Rasta ba ne, ya kuma jaddada cewa shi ma zai mutu, amma har yau masu bin addinin Rasta na kallonsa a matsayin zakin Judah. Wannan wata hujja ce akan zargin cewa abin bauta ne shi, wanda mabiya Rastafara da kuma 'yan Ethiopia suka yi amannar cewa an yi bayaninsa a Injila Sarki Solomon.


4). Gidan akwatun alƙawari


A wajen da yawa daga cikin Ethiopia, akwai gidan wani akwati da suke da yaƙinin saƙon da za su yi amfani da shi yana ciki.


Cocin Katolika da ke Ethiopia ta ce wannan akwati na ƙarƙashin kulawa ta musamman a cocin Lady Mary inda ba a barin kowa ya shiga ya gan ta.


A al'adance cocin na da kayayyakin tarihin Sarauniya Sheba, wadda masu tarihi ke musanta samuwarta, amma dai ba 'yan Ethiopia ba ne da wannan aiki. Sun yi amannar cewa ta yi tafiya daga Aksum zuwa Birnin Ƙudus domin ta ziyarci Sarki Solomon da kuma ƙara sanin baiyar da yake da ita a shekara ta 950 kafin zuwan Annabi Isa. Labarin tafiyarta da haɗuwarsu da Solomon yana cikin Littafin Kebra Nagast - Littafin adabin Ethiopia da aka rubuta da yaren Ge'ez a ƙarni na 14. An bayyana yadda Sarki Makeda da Sarauniya Sheba suka haifi ɗa, Menelik - da kuma yadda bayan shekaru ya tafi Birnin Ƙudus domin haɗuwa da mahaifinsa. Solomon ya so ya zauna tare da shi ya ci gaba da mulki bayan mutuwarsa, amma daga baya ya yarje masa ya koma gida, ya kuma tattara masa labaran Isra'ilawa - wanda aka sace na ainihin aka sauya shi da na bogi.


5). Gidan Musulman farko da ke wajen yankin Larabawa.


"Idan kuka je Absyssinia, za ku tarar da wani sarki da baya goyon bayan rashin gaskiya," Annabi Muhammad (S.A.W) ya gaya wa sahabbansa lokacin da aka matsa musu A Makka za su yi hijira a ƙarni na 7 inda yanzu ake kira Saudiyya. Wannan ya faru ne lokacin da Annabi ya fara kiraye-kirayen zuwa ga Musulunci, wanda shugabannin da ba Musulmai ba na lokacin ke masa kallon wata barazana. Bayan sun yi abin da ya ce, wasu daga cikin tsirarin Musulmai sun isa masarautar Aksum, wadda a baya ta haɗa da Ethiopia ta yau da Eritrea, inda aka karɓe su hannu bibiyu ƙarƙashin wani sarkin Kirista na masarautar Amhara - wanda ake kira Nejjashi da Larabci.


Inda Najjashi ya zauna nan ake kira Tigray a yau, nan ne waɗannan 'yan gudun hijirar suka zauna suka gina masallacin da ake ganin ya fi ko wanne daɗewa a nahiyar Afrika. A 2020 ne aka ruguza wannan masallaci lokacin da ake rikicin yankin Tigray.


Musulmai da yawa sun yi amannar an binne sahabbai da yawa a garin Nagesh. A tarihin Musulunci wannan tafiyar da sahabban suka yi zuwa Masarautar Aksum ita ce a matsayin hijirar farko a addinin.


A yau adadin Musulman da ke zaune a Ethiopia sun kai kashi 34 cikin 100 ko kuma sama da Musulmai miliyan 115 da ke zaune a ƙasar.

Saturday, 21 September 2024

Karanta Tarihin Rayuwar Jackie Chan

Karanta Tarihin Rayuwar Jackie Chan

An haifi Jackie Chan a Hongkong a ran 7 ga watan Afril na shekarar 1954 (Yanzu Yanada Shekaru 70). Ɗan wasan kwaikwayo, darekta, marubuci, furodusa, mai fasaha. Iyayensa, Charles Chan da Lee-lee Chan sun raɗa masa sunan Chan Kong-sang, wato sunansa na yanka, wanda ke da ma'anar "an haife shi a Hongkong". Lokacin da aka haife shi, Jackie na da nauyin pound 12, shi ya sa ba yadda za a yi sai a yi wa mahaifiyarsa tiyata.


Tarihin Rayuwar Jackie Chan
Hoto: The moviedb

MarubuciSaliadeen Sicey


A lokacin da yake ƙarami, mahaifinsa ya kan tashe shi da sassafe, kuma tare za su yi wasan Kung fu. Sabo da a ganin mahaifinsa, wasan Kungfu na iya taimakawa wajen raya halayensa da kuma koya masa haƙuri da ƙarfi da kuma bajimta.


A lokacin da yake da shekaru 7 da haihuwa, mahaifinsa, Charles Chan ya kama aikin kuku da ofishin jakadancin Amurka a Australia, amma yana ganin cewa, ya fi kyau Jackie ya koyi wani abu a Hongkong, shi ya sa ya bar shi a Hongkong, don ya shiga kwalejin koyon wasan kwaikwayon ƙasar Sin, inda Jackie ya yi shekaru 10 yana koyon wasan Kungfu da kundumbala da waƙa da kuma wasan kwaikwayo.


A lokacin da yake da shekaru 17 da haihuwa, Jackie ya gama karatu a kwalejin koyon wasan kwaikwayo ta ƙasar Sin. Amma a lokacin, wasannin kwaikwayo na ƙasar Sin ba su samu karɓuwa sosai ba, shi ya sa Jackie da abokan karatunsa sun sha wahalar samun aikin yi, sai dai kawai suka kama ayyukan ƙwadago da kasada. A lokacin, Hongkong na fitar da ɗimbin fina-finai a kowace shekara, kuma kullum ana buƙatar samari masu aikin kasada, ga shi kuma Jackie ya kasance mutum mai kuzari da ƙarfi da kuma hikima, shi ya sa ba da jimawa ba sai ya yi suna sabo da rashin tsoronsa a wajen ayyukan kasada.


Daga bisani, Jackie ya yi shekaru da dama yana aikin kasada. Amma ayyukan fina-finai sun fara taɓarɓarewa a Hongkong, shi ya sa ba yadda zai yi sai ya ƙaura zuwa Australia domin zama tare da iyayensa. A lokacin da yake Australia, Jackie ya taɓa aiki cikin wani ɗakin cin abinci da kuma wurin gine-gine, kuma a can wurin ne ya sami sunan "Jackie". Wani ma'aikacin wurin ya sa masa wannan suna sabo da bai iya faɗar ainihin sunansa ba, wato "Kong-sang" sosai ba, kuma ya fara kiransa da "little Jack", wanda daga baya ya zama "Jackie".


Amma Jackie bai sami jin daɗi ba a Australia. Ayyukan gine-gine na da wahala, kuma halin bai kyautata ba sai bayan da wani mutum mai suna Willie Chan ya buga masa waya. Willie Chan yana ayyukan fina-finai a Hongkong, kuma a lokacin, yana neman wani da ya taka rawa cikin wani fim da wani shahararren darektan fim na Hongkong ke yi. 


Ayyukan kasada da Jackie ya taɓa yi sun burge Willie sosai. Ba da jimawa ba, Jackie ya kama hanyar komawa Hongkong. Amma duk da haka, fina-finan da Jackie ya yi ba su sami nasara sosai ba, kuma dalili shi ne Jackie bai yi amfani da basirar da Allah ya ba shi yadda ya kamata ba. Har zuwa lokacin da ya nuna ra'ayoyinsa cikin fina-finai, wato haɗa abubuwa masu ban dariya a cikin fina-finai na Kungfu, sai ya zama wani babban tauraron fim. 


Fim mai taken "Snake in Eagle's Shadow" ya zama babbar nasara ta farko da ya samu, daga baya, akwai "Drunken Master" da "Fearless Hyena", waɗanda dukansu suka sami farin jini sosai, waɗanda kuma suka sa Jackie ya samu karɓuwa sosai a nahiyar Asiya. Amma duk da nasarorin da ya samu a Asiya, Jackie bai yi fice sosai ba a farkon zuwansa a Hollywood. Shi ya sa ya bar Amurka, kuma ya maida hankalinsa a kan yin fina-finai a Hongkong.


Bayan kimanin shekaru 10, Jackie ya sake zuwa Hollywood, inda ya fitar da fim mai suna "Rumble in the Bronx", wanda ya tabbatar da matsayinsa a zukatan masu kallon fim na Amurka. Daga baya, Rush Hour da Shanghai Noon dukansu sun saka Jackie cikin jerin sunayen taurari na Hollywood.


A cikin 1982, Chan ya auri Joan Lin, 'yar wasan kwaikwayo ta Taiwan. Sun haifi ɗansu da ya zama mawaƙi kuma ɗan wasan kwaikwayo Jaycee Chan. Jackie Chan kuma yana da 'yar da aka haifa a ranar 18 ga Janairun 1999 sakamakon ƙarin aure da Elaine Ng Yi-Lei. Chan ya yarda cewa "ya aikata laifin da yawancin maza a duniya suke aikatawa". Duk da haka, Elaine ta yanke shawarar cewa za ta kula da 'yarta ba tare da Chan ba.


A shekara ta 2004, masanin fina-finai Andrew Willis ya bayyana cewa Chan wataƙila shi ne "tauraron fina-finai da aka fi sani a duniya." A cikin 2015, Mujallar Forbes ya ƙiyasta ƙimar kudin sa ta kai dala miliyan 350, kuma a cikin 2016, shi ne ɗan wasan kwaikwayo na biyu mafi girma a duniya. Kuma ya fito a fina-finai sama da 150.


Ban da fina-finai, a cikin 'yan shekarun baya, Jackie yana ta ƙara maida hankali a kan harkokin jin daɗin al'umma. Ya kasance jakadan UNICEF da kuma UNAIDS, kuma ya yi lokuta da yawa yana tare da yara da kuma waɗanda ke buƙatar taimakon sauran jama'a.


Chan ɗan addinin Buddah ne, amma baya son magana aka imaninsa.

Thursday, 31 October 2024

Karanta Zahirin Tarihin Rayuwar Ibn Sina A Takaice

Karanta Zahirin Tarihin Rayuwar Ibn Sina A Takaice

Ibn Sina, wanda aka fi sani a Yamma da sunan Avicenna, masanin ilimin lissafi ne na Farisa wanda ake ɗaukarsa a matsayin ɗaya daga cikin manya-manyan likitoci, masana ilimin taurari, masana falsafa, kuma marubuta na Zamanin Zinare na Musulunci (Islamic Golden Age), kuma uban likitancin zamani na farko.


Tarihin Rayuwar Ibn Sina
Hoto: Muslim heritage

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Shi ne wanda ya fara bayyana kamuwa da cuta, da yadda ake yaɗa wasu cututtukan ƙananan yara da ƙyanda. Na farko da ya bayyana cututtuka na gynecological, irin su: rufewar farji, fibroids da zazzaɓin cizon sauro.


Wane ne uban magungunan zamani na farko?


Ibn Sina, fitaccen likitan musulmi, masanin falsafa, babban mai tunani kuma mai hazaƙa ana ɗaukarsa a matsayin "Uban Magungunan Farko" kuma a matsayin "Uban Likitan Magunguna".


An san shi musamman don gudummawar da ya bayar a fagen falsafar Aristotelian da likitanci. Ya haɗa Kitāb al-shifāʾ (Littafin Magani), ƙaƙƙarfan encyclopaedia na falsafa da na kimiyya, da Al-Qānūn fī al-ṭibb (The Canon of Medicine), wanda yana cikin shahararrun littattafai a tarihin likitanci.


Daga cikin manyan malaman ilimin likitanci na Musulunci, Ibn Sina shi ne wanda aka fi saninsa a ƙasashen yamma. Wanda aka yi la'akari da shi a matsayin magajin Galen, babban littafinsa na likitanci, Canon shi ne ma'auni na littafin likita a cikin Larabawa da Turai a ƙarni na 17. Ya kasance masanin falsafa, likita, likitan ƙwaƙwalwa. 


Haihuwa


An haife shi ne a shekarar 370 hijiriyya wanda ya yi daidai da shekara ta 980 miladiyya a garin Balkh da wancan lokacin yake ƙarƙashin lardin Khorasan na ƙasar Iran. 


Tun yana ƙarami ya fara koyon karatun Alkur'ani mai girma da adabi inda kafin ya cika shekaru goma a duniya sai da ya yi karatu mai zurfi na Alkur'ani Mai Girma da kuma fannoni daban-daban na adabi da ya janyo hankulan malamai da masanan zamaninsa. Ya fara karatun Alkur'ani mai girma, fikihu, adabi da lissafi ne a wajen mahaifinsa daga nan kuma sai ya koma wajen wani malami mai suna Abu Abdullah Natali inda ya karanci ilimin mandik, handasa da ilimin taurari.


Daga nan kuma lokacin da ya yi nisa sosai sai ya koma yana bincike da kansa kan ilmummukan ɗabi'a da likitanci. Ibn Sina dai bai cika shekaru 16 a duniya ba sai da ya yi fice a ɓangaren ilimin likitanci.


Labarin irin fice da shaharan da ya yi ne a ɓangaren ilimin likitanci da magunguna dai ya mamaye garuruwa daban-daban, hakan ne ma ya sanya Sarki Bukhara na lokacin Nuh bn Mansur Samani da yake fama da wata cuta da ta gagari likitoci gayyatarsa don ya gwada nasa sa'an. Bayan wani lokaci kuwa ya yi nasarar magance wa sarki cutar da yake fama da ita. Hakan dai ya sanya aka buɗe masa shahararren ɗakin karatun garin don ci gaba da bincikensa.


Bayan wani lokaci dai Ibn Sina ya yi hijira zuwa Turkeministan da Khorasan sakamakon nemansa da ake yi a kama shi saboda ƙin amincewar da ya yi na yin magani wa sarki Mahmud Gaznawi da ya yi.


Haka nan kuma ya zauna a garuruwan Iran irinsu Gorgan, Rey, Isfahan da sauransu inda ya ci gaba da ayyukansa na magani. Bayan wani lokaci kuma ya koma garin Hamedan shi ma dai na Iran ɗin inda ya kama aikin gwamnati don ya sami abin sa wa a bakin salati. A wannan lokaci ne ya rubuta wasu daga cikin littafansa musamman shahararren littafin nan nasa mai suna ‘Al-Shifa'


A taƙaice dai Ibn Sina ya gudanar da dukkanin rayuwansa ne wajen neman ilimi da rubuce-rubuce a ɓangarorin ilimi daban-daban da ya zamanto tilo a zamaninsa.


Irin wannan zurfi cikin ilimi da ya yi ne ya sanya wata rana yake ce wa ɗaya daga cikin ɗalibansa mai suna Abu Ubaid Juzjani cewa: "Lokacin da na kai shekaru sha takwa zuwa sha tara a duniya na samu nasarar samun ilmummuka irinsu mandik, lissafi, handasa, ilimin taurari, waƙe, likitanci da sauran ilmummuka masu yawa, kuma a lokacin babu wani sabon abu da aka fitar da shi, don haka tun daga lokacin na rasa samun wani da zan ɗauke shi a matsayin malami na".


Irin ƙarfin haddace abubuwa da Ibn Sina yake da shi ya ba wa kowa mamaki, ta yadda hatta lokacin da gobara ta cinye ɗakin karatun sarkin Bukhara, jama'a suna cewa ai littafan ne kawai aka rasa amma duk abin da ke ciki yana kan Sheik al-Ra'is (wato Ibn Sina). Don haka ne ma ake kiransa da sunan Kundin Fannonin Ilimi.


Irin ilimi da ya ke da shi na likitanci ne ya sanya a ƙasashen Turai daga an kira sunansa abin da ke fara zuwa tunanin mutane shi ne likitanci. Sanannen littafin nan nasa kan likitanci mai suna ‘Kanun' ya zamanto abin da ake darasinsa a manyan jami'oin Turai har zuwa ƙarni na 19. Ibn Sina dai ya rubuta wannan littafi ne a lokacin yana ɗan shekaru 35 a duniya kuma an raba shi ne zuwa kashi ko ɓangarori guda biyar.


Ɓangaren farko ya yi ishara ne da alamun cututtuka, ɓangare na biyu na littafi kuma ya yi ishara ne da yanayin magunguna inda ya kawo kimanin sunayen magunguna kimanin 800. Ɓangare na uku kuwa na littafin ya yi magana ne kan cututtukan da suka shafi gaɓoɓin jiki da suka haɗa da idanuwa, kunne da sauransu. A ɓangare na huɗu na littafin Kanun kuwa Ibn Sina ya yi ishara ne da nau'oin zazzaɓi da yadda ake gano su da kuma magungunansu, hakan ne ma ya sanya da dama daga cikin masana suke kiransa da ‘Baban Gano Cututtuka'. Sai kuma ɓangare na ƙarshe wato na biyar na littafin inda ya yi bayani kan yadda ake haɗa magunguna.


Ibn Sina ya koma ga Mahaliccinsa ne a shekara ta 428 hijira kamariyya yana ɗan shekaru 58 a duniya bayan ya yi fama da rashin lafiya a garin Hamedan kuma a can ne aka binne shi.

Friday, 15 November 2024

Karanta Tarihin Rayuwar Aristotle A Takaice

Karanta Tarihin Rayuwar Aristotle A Takaice

Aristotle mashahurin masanin Falsafa da Kimiyya. An haife shi shekaru 384 kafin haihuwar Annabi Isa (A.S) a birnin Stagira na ƙasar Girka (Greece) Bajimin manazarci kuma marubuci.


Tarihin Rayuwar Aristotle A Takaice
Hoto: Medium

MarubuciSaliadeen Sicey


Haihuwa


An haife shi a garin Stagira ta yankin Chalkidice duk a arewacin Girka (Greece). Sunan babansa Nicomachus, mahaifiyarsa kuma Phaestis. Babansa masanin Physics ne. Dukkan iyayensa sun rasu lokacin yana ƙarami. Wata kafa ta ce mahaifinsa ya mutu lokacin shi yana ɗan shekara goma da haihuwa.


Aristotle ya tashi a hannun baffansa Proxenus wanda shi ma masanin Physics ɗin ne. Lokacin da ya kai shekaru goma sha bakwai, wannan mariƙi nasa ya tura shi karatu Athens babban birnin ƙasar Greece, wacce a wannan lokacin ita ce cibiyar ilimi ta duniya. A wannan gari na Athens, Aristotle ya yi karatun falsafa a makarantar gawurtaccen masanin falsafar nan wato Plato, saboda kaifin basira da shi Aristotle yake da ita, ya samu dama ta kammala karatunsa cikin taƙaitaccen lokaci, bayan kammala karatun nasa aka ɗauke shi mai karantarwa a wannan babbar makaranta, ya riƙa bada darasi a fannin rhetoric.


Bayan mutuwar Plato, Aristotle ne ya kamata ya ci gaba da jagoranci wannan makaranta saboda dukkan ɗaliban makarantar nan ba wanda ya kai shi tumbatsa da kuma hazaƙa kai har ma da zalaƙa amma saboda sauka da ya yi daga karantarwar Plato a wasu fannoni, shi yasa sai aka ɗora Speusippus wanda shi kuma ɗan-ɗan uwa ne ga shi Plato.


Bayan rasuwasar Plato, Aristotle ya riƙa tafiye-tafiye musamman yankuna da kuma tsibiran Asia Minor wacce ta zama ƙasar Turkiya a yau, yana nazarce-nazarce kan abubuwan da suka shafi kimiyyar halittu wato Biology amma Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy (2008), ya wallafa a shafinsa cewa abokinsa, kuma sarkin Atarneous da Assos duka a Mysia, wato Hermeas, shi ya gayyaci Aristotle zuwa wannan yanki. Ya zauna a wannan yanki har tsawon shekaru uku. Daga ƙarshe ya auri ‘yar ɗan’uwan wannan sarki. Sunan wannan mata Pythias.


A shekarar 343, kamar yadda Joshua (2009) ya kawo. Aristotle ya samu gayyata daga sarkin Masadoniya (Macedonia) wato Sarki Philp na biyu (King Phili II) dan ya karantar da ɗansa Alexander wanda daga baya ya shahara ya zama Alexander the Great. Ya zauna tsawon shekaru uku a wannan garin.


Zanen hoton Aristotle da Alexander the Great
Hoto: Greece high definition

Bayan rasuwar wannan sarki, sai ɗansa Alexander ya gaje shi. Aristotle ya sake komawa Athens inda ya zauna, ya buɗe tasa makarantar mai suna Lyceum wacce ta zama kishiya ga makarantar da ya yi karatu a ciki. Wannan makaranta ita ta yi gogayya da tsohuwar makarantarsa sannan kuma ta zama mai jayayya da ra’ayin tsohon malaminsa wato Plato. Iya tsawon zaman Alexander the Great a kan karagar mulki, ya ci gaba da tuntuɓar malaminsa kan yadda zai gudanar da harkokinsa. Mutuwar Alexander the Great, ta saka aka tuhumi Aristotle da rashin biyayya ga addini saboda haka ya yi gudun hijira ya koma Chalcis da ke yankin Euboea, bayan komawarsa Chalcis, ya mutu yana da shekaru 62 sanadin ciwon ciki a shekarar 322 kafin haihuwar Annabi Isa (A.S) (Harvard University, 2016).


Rubuce-Rubuncensa


Wataƙila a lokacin (335 zuwa 323 BC) ne Aristotle ya rubuta yawancin ayyukansa. Wasu mutane suna tunanin Aristotle mai yiwuwa ne mutum na ƙarshe da ya san duk abin da ya kamata ya sani a lokacinsa. Shahararren marubuci Aristotle, ya wallafa littattafan da yawansu bai gaza ɗari biyu ba dan kusan an tafi akan cewa babu wani fanni na rayuwa da wannan haziƙin marubuci bai yi rubutu a ciki ba, sai dai kash! Abin takaicin shi ne dukkan waɗannan rubuce-rubuce nasa an rasa su, sai dai wasu da ba su wuce talatin ba kacal da suka  yi saura. Kuma waɗannan ɗin ma muƙaloli ne da ya yi amfani da su wajen karantarwa, wato abin da ake kira ‘Lecture note’ a Turance. (Inaternet Encyclopedia of Philosophy, 2008).


Littattafai


Kaɗan daga cikin fannonin da ya yi rubutu a cikinsu akwai: Kimiyya (Science), Falsafa (Philosophy), Physics, Kimiyyar halittu (Biology), metaphysics, logic, psychology, da sauransu. Daga cikin sunayen littattafan da ya rubuta akwai: Categories, Interpretation, Analytics, Posterior Analytics, Topics, Sophistical Refutations, Organon, Physics , Coming-to-Be and Passing Away; On Generation and Corruption, Heavens, Meteorology, da sauransu. Duba (Robin, 2015).


Gudunmawarsa ga ilimi


Haƙiƙa ya bada gagarumar gudummawa wajen ci gaban ilimin a duniya. Daga cikin abubuwan da ya ƙirƙiro akwai: 


1, Shi ya samar da tsarin rarrabe halittu zuwa aji-aji a fannin kimiyyar halittu, wato fannin Biology.


2, Shi ya gano cewa Earth (Duniyar da muke ciki) ce a tsakiyar duniyoyi.


3, Shi ya gano cewa ya kamata a hukunta magana da abunda ta ƙunsa ba da zahirinta ba cewa idan jumla ta zama gaskiya, to ƙarshen lamari dole ya tabbata. Misali ya ce: dukkan mutum mortal ne, kuma Aristotle mutum ne, saboda haka Aristotle ya zama mortal.


Haƙiƙa ya bada gudunmawa mai gwaɓi a fannonin rayuwa daban-daban har ma wasu sun riƙa yi masa ƙirari da ‘masanin dukkan fannoni’.


Falsafa


Manyan malaman falsafa na Girka uku su ne Aristotle, Plato, da Socrates. Socrates ya koyar da Plato, sannan Plato ya koyar da Aristotle. Wadannan masu tunani guda uku sun mayar da falsafar Girka ta farko zuwa farkon falsafar Yammacin Turai kamar yadda take a yau.


Idan har kuna jin daɗin maƙalolin shafin nan namu, to ku hanzarta sanar da dukkan abokan ku da dukkan waɗanda ku sani, ku gaya musu adireshin shafin nan namu domin su ma su shigo cikin shafin su dinga amfana da shi kamar yadda ku ma kuke yi a kullum.

Saturday, 15 June 2024

Karanta Cikakken Tarihin Rayuwar Mufti Menk

Karanta Cikakken Tarihin Rayuwar Mufti Menk

Ismail ibn Musa Menk, wanda kuma aka fi sani da Mufti Menk, malamin addinin musulunci ne ɗan ƙasar Zimbabwe. Shugaban sashen fatawa na ƙasar, ya shahara a duniya. Cibiyar Tunanin Musulunci ta Royal Aal al-Bayt da ke ƙasar Jordan ta bayyana Menk a matsayin ɗaya daga cikin Musulmai 500 mafiya tasiri a duniya a shekarar 2013, da 2014 da 2017.


Mufti Menk, a yayin gabatar da muhadara a ƙasar Dubai
Hoto: Ssiasat


MarubuciSaliadeen Sicey


Mufti Dr Ismail Menk babban malamin addinin musulunci ne wanda aka haifa kuma ya girma a ƙasar Zimbabwe. Ya yi karatun Sharia a Madina, sannan ya yi digirin digirgir na Social Guidance a Jami'ar Aldersgat.


Aikin Mufti Menk ya samu karɓuwa a duk faɗin duniya kuma an naɗa shi a matsayin ɗaya daga cikin "Manyan Musulmai 500 Mafi Tasiri a Duniya" tun daga 2010.


Yana da miliyoyin mabiya a faɗin dandalin sa na sada zumunta. Salon sa na mutumci ya sanya shi zama ɗaya daga cikin manyan malamai a wannan zamani namu. Ya iya taushin Wa'azin sa yasa mutane ƙaunarsa.


Mufti ya zagaya duniya yana yaɗa saƙo mai sauƙi amma mai zurfi: ya kance "Ku kyautata, ku taimaki wasu yayin da kuke shirin Lahira.


Yana aiki a fagen ƙasa da ƙasa kuma yana da ƙarfin goyon bayan zaman lafiya da adalci, yana ƙyamar duk wani nau'in ta'addanci.


An haifi Menk a watan Yuni 27, 1975 a Harare Babban birnin ƙasar Zimbabwe. iyayensa 'yan asalin ƙasar Yemen ne. inda ya fara karatunsa na farko tare da mahaifinsa, Moulana Musa, ya yi haddar Al-Qur'ani da koyon Larabci. Ya ta fi makarantar. John's College dake birnin (Harare) Sannan ya kammala karatunsa na addini da kwas ɗin Mufti daga Kantharia Darul Uloom, Gujarat a ƙasar India.


Ra'ayi



Tarihin Ismail Ibn Musa Menk. إسماعيل بن موسى منك,
Hoto: Mufti Ismail Menk Videos


Menk na adawa da ta'addanci kuma ya yi alƙawarin ba da taimakon sa wajen daƙile tsattsauran ra'ayin addini a ƙasar Maldives.  A ranar 31 ga Maris 2018, ya buƙaci Musulman Laberiya da su gujewa  tashin hankalin da Kiristoci, yana mai cewa Musulmi da Kirista ’yan’uwa ne daga uba ɗaya, ta wajen Annabi Adam. Ya zargi kafafen yaɗa labaran yammacin duniya da yaudarar duniya cewa musulmi 'yan ta'adda ne. A cewar jaridar Gulf News, Menk ya ce kowa da kowa a wannan duniya wani ɓangare ne na iyali  guda ɗaya, saboda haka, babu wanda ke da haƙƙin tilasta wani yin Addini ko imani.


Ayyuka


Littafin Mufti Menk
Hoto: Goodreads

A cikin 2018 ya buga tarin maganganunsa na hikima a matsayin littafi mai suna Motivational Moments kuma a cikin 2019 ya buga, bugu na biyu, mai suna Motivational Moments 2.


Kyaututtuka da karramawa 


An karrama Menk tare da Digiri na Daraja na Jagorar Jama'a ta Kwalejin Aldersgate , Philippines da abokin aikinta na Aldersgate College - Dublin, Ireland akan 16 Afrilu 2016.


KSBEA 2015 Kyaututtuka - Kyautar Jagorancin Duniya a cikin Jagorancin Jama'a an ba shi ta Cochin Heral.


An lissafta shi a matsayin ɗaya daga cikin Musulmai 500 Mafi Tasiri a 2014 da 2017.


Rigingimu


Jaridar Huffington Post ta bayyana Menk a matsayin "mai wa'azin addinin Islama mai son luwaɗi a fili" wanda ya yi tir da aikin luwaɗi a matsayin "jaza". A cikin 2013, ya kamata ya ziyarci jami'o'in Birtaniya shida - Oxford , Leeds , Leicester , Liverpool , Cardiff da Glasgow - amma an soke ziyarar jawabin da zai yi bayan ƙungiyoyin ɗalibai da jami'an jami'a sun nuna damuwa game da ra'ayoyinsa. Maganar Menk da ke jawo cece-kuce ta haɗa da waɗannan kalmomi: “Yaya za ku yi fasikanci da jinsi ɗaya?... Kur’ani a fili ya ce ba daidai ba ne abin da kuke aikatawa... Allah yana magana a kan yadda wannan ƙazanta ta ke... Dangane da abin da ya dace da dabbobi, ’yan luwadi sun fi dabbobi muni.


Haramcin tafiya


A ranar 31 ga Oktoba 2017, Singapore ta dakatar da Menk daga shiga ƙasar ta saboda ta yi imanin ya bayyana ra'ayoyin da ba su dace da dokokinta da manufofinta na al'adu da yawa.


Mufti Ismail Menk
Hoto: Paeg


A cewar jaridar Straits Times, ta tabbatar da cewa "abin zargi ne ga musulmi su taya murna ga masu bin sauran addinai a lokacin bukukuwa irin su Kirsimeti ko Deepavali". Ma’aikatar harkokin cikin gida ta Singapore ta ce a cikin wata sanarwa da ta fitar ta ce matakin da ta ɗauka na ƙin amincewa da buƙatar Menk na neman izinin shiga ƙasar na ƙanƙanin lokaci ya samo asali ne daga koyarwarsa na wariya da rarrabuwar kawuna.


Majlisul Ulama Zimbabwe, cibiyar ta Menk, ta fitar da wata sanarwa don nuna "nadama da damuwa" game da haramcin.


Mufti Menk
Hoto: Mufti Ismail Menk Videos


A watan Nuwamba 2018, gwamnatin Denmark ta haramtawa Menk shiga kasar ta na tsawon shekaru 2.


A watan Agusta 2021 tsohon shugaban Najeriya Muhammadu Buhari ya gayyaci Mufti Menk domin yin wa'azi na musamman da liyafar cin abincin rana da ya haɗa a gidan gwamnati.

Wednesday, 20 November 2024

Karanta Kammalallen Tarihin Rayuwar Sayyadina Abubakar (R.A)

Karanta Kammalallen Tarihin Rayuwar Sayyadina Abubakar (R.A)

Sunansa


Cikakken sunan sahabi Abubakar shi ne, Abdullahi ɗan Usmanu ɗan Amiru ɗan Amru ɗan Ka'abu ɗan Sa'adu ɗan Taimu ɗan Murratu. Zumuncinsa da Manzon Allah Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallama ya haɗu ne a kakansa na shida "Murratu" wanda shi ma kaka ne na shida ga Manzon Allah Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallama.


Tarihin Rayuwar Sayyadina Abubakar (R.A)
Hoto: US Idyllic 

MarubuciSaliadeen Sicey


Ana yi masa laƙabi da "Atiƙu", ana kuma kiransa Abubakar, sannan ya shahara da "Siddiƙu", sunan da ya samu bayan da ya gaskata Manzon Allah Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallama a lokacin da mutane ke ƙaryata shi.


Mahaifansa


Sunan babansa Usman. Ana kuma yi masa alkunya da Abu Ƙuhafa. Mahaifiyarsa sunanta Ummul Khair, Salmah ɗiyar Sakhr ita ma daga ƙabila ɗaya ta fito da babansa, wato ƙabilar Banu Taim wadda ƙaramar ƙabila ce ƙwarai idan aka kwatanta ta da irin Banu Abdi Manaf da Banu Makhzum da sauransu.


Haifuwarsa


An haife shi a garin Makka a shekara ta hamsin da ɗaya kafin Hijira. Don haka Manzon Allah Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallama ya girme shi da shekara biyu da watanni kaɗan.


Siffofinsa


Abubakar mutum ne fari, siriri, mai zurfin ido, da babban goshi. Ga shi kuma ya ɗan sunkuya kaɗan. Saboda sirirantakarsa, wando ba ya ɗauruwa da kyau a ƙugunsa.


Ɗabi'unsa da Halayensa


Abubakar Raliyallahu Anhu ya kasance ɗaya daga cikin fitattun 'yan kasuwa masu fatauci. An bayyana shi da halin kirki da kyauta. Ƙuraishawa na darajanta shi saboda dattakunsa da karamcinsa.


Yana daga cikin abin da ke bayyana kaifin hankalinsa, haramta wa kansa shan giya da ya yi shi da abokinsa Usman ɗan Affan. Ba wanda ya taɓa kurɓa ta daga cikinsu tun kafin bayyanar Musulunci.


An ba da labarin cewa, tun asali Abubakar ya haramta wa kansa shan giya ne saboda ya ga wani mutum da ya bugu da ita yana sanya hannunsa a cikin najasa ya kuma nufi bakinsa, kana idan ya ji wari sai ya janye hannunsa daga bakin. Daga nan ne Abubakar ya ƙyamace ta har ya yi rantsuwa ba zai sha ta ba.


Haka ma bai taɓa bautar gumaka ba domin da Allah ya nufi kawar da shi daga wannan sai mahaifinsa ya je da shi yana yaro ya kai shi a wurin gumaka ya sanar da shi cewa, ga iyayengijinsa nan waɗanda ake bauta, ya tafi ya bar shi a nan. Shi kuma Abubakar da ya ji yunwa sai ya roƙe su abinci bai ji sun ce masa uffan ba, ya roƙe su ruwa ba su ce masa ci kanka ba. Daga nan ya tofa ma su yawu, ya zage su, ya tafiyarsa yana mai tsananin ƙyamarsu da ƙaurace masu.


Haka ma Abubakar bai iya waƙa ba. Ba za mu yi mamakin waɗannan ɗabi'un na Siddiƙu ba sanin cewa, shi babban aboki ne, masoyi ga shugabanmu Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallama tun zamanin ƙuruciya har manyanci. Mutum na kirki kuwa daga abokanshi ake ganewa.


Iyalinsa


Abubakar Raliyallahu Anhu ya auri mata biyu kafin Musulunci, biyu bayan Musulunci. Matansa na farko sun haɗa da:


1. Ƙutailah ɗiyar Abdul Uzzah, wadda ta haifa masa Abdullahi da Asma'u.


2. Ummu Ruman ɗiyar Amir ‘yar ƙabilar Kinanata, wadda ta haifa masa Abdul Rahman da Uwar Muminai A'ishah.


Matansa na daga bisani kuwa sun haɗa da:


1. Asma'u Ɗiyar Umais, wadda ta fara auren Ja'afar Ɗan Abu Ɗalib. A bayan rasuwar Abubakar kuma ta auri Ali Ɗan Abu Ɗalib. A kowane gida daga gidajen uku da ta yi aure ta haifi Muhammad. A wurin Ali kuma ta haifi Yahya da Aunu kamar yadda za mu gani a nan gaba.


2. Habibah ɗiyar Kharijah daga cikin Ansaru (Mutanen Madina), Ya rasu ya bar ta da cikin 'yar autarsa Ummu Kulsum.


Matsayinsa kafin zuwan Musulunci


Abubakar ya yi fice a zamanin jahiliyya da ilmin da ake kira Ansab, sanin dangantakar mutane da tarihin gidajensu da abubuwan arziki ko rashin arzikin da suka gudana a tsakanin mutane ko a tsakanin ƙabilu. Sannan kuma shi ne wakilin reshen gidansu a majalisar zartastawa ta ƙuraishawa wadda ta haɗa rassa goma na wannan ƙabilar, kowane gida yana da aikinsa da wanda yake wakilatarsa.


Ga su kamar haka:


1. Banu Hashim: Su ke kula da shayar da alhazzai ruwa. Wakilinsu a Majlisa shi ne Abbas ɗan Abdul Muɗɗalib, baffan Manzon Allah Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallama. Wannan ofis nasu ya ci gaba da aiki bayan zuwan Musulunci.


2. Banu Umayyah: Su ke riƙe da tutar ƙuraishawa, kuma su ke riƙon ƙwarya duk lokacin da aka rasa shugaba kafin a haɗu a kan sabon da za a naɗa. Wakilinsu a Majlisa shi ne Abu Sufyan ɗan Harb.


3. Banu Naufal: Su ke kula da asusun tallafi na taimakon alhazan da guzuri ya yanke musu. Wakilinsu shi ne Al Haris ɗan Amir.


4. Banu Abdid Dar: Su ke kula da wanke Ka'aba da tufatar da ita. Wakilinsu shi ne Usman ɗan Ɗalha.


5. Banu Asad: Su ke da ofishin Sakatariya. Duk shawarar da aka yanke su ke sa mata hannu kafin a aiwatar da ita. Wakilinsu shi ne Yazid ɗan Zam'ah ɗan Aswad.


6. Banu Taim: Su ke da alhakin haɗa kuɗi don biyan diyya idan aka sasanta masu faɗa da kuma biyan bashi idan wani baƙuraishe ya kasa. Wakilinsu shi ne Abubakar ɗan Abu Ƙuhafa.


7. Banu Makhzum: Su ke kula da wurin ajiyar kayan yaƙi. Wakilinsu shi ne Khalid ɗan Walid.


8. Banu Adiyyin: Su ne masu kula da hulɗar ƙuraishawa da sauran ƙabilu, musamman a wajen sha'anin yaƙi da zaman lafiya. Kuma su ke da alhakin shelanta darajojin ƙabilarsu don ta yi kwarjini a idon sauran mutane. Wakilinsu shi ne Umar ɗan Khattab.


9. Banu Jumah: Su ke kula da ƙuri’ar da ake yi don neman sa'a in za a yi tafiya ko ciniki ko aure ko makamancinsu. Wakilinsu shi ne Safwan ɗan Umayyah.


10. Banu Sahm: Su ke kula da tattalin arziki da abinda ya shafi gumaka. Wakilinsu shi ne Al Haris ɗan Ƙais.



Musuluntarsa


Masana tarihi sun ruwaito cewa, tun kafin wahayi ya fara sauka ga Manzon Allah Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallama Abubakar ya yi wani mafarki wanda ya labarta shi ga babban malamin nan masanin addinin Nasara da ake ce ma Bahirah. Sai ya tambaye shi daga ina ka fito? Ya ce masa daga Makka. Ya ce, kai wane iri ne? Ya ce masa, Baƙuraishe. Ya ce, mene ne sana'arka? Ya ce, Fatauci. Bahira ya ce, idan Allah ya gaskata mafarkinka to, wani Manzo zai bayyana daga cikin jama'arka, za ka taimaka masa a rayuwarsa, kuma ka wakilce shi bayan mutuwarsa.  


A wata tafiya kuma da ya yi zuwa ƙasar Yaman ya samu bushara mai kama da wannan daga wurin wani malami daga ƙabilar Azd.


A lokacin da Allah Maɗaukakin Sarki ya aiko Manzonsa, Abubakar bai yi wata wata ba ya gaskata shi yana mai cewa, ba mu taɓa gwada ƙarya a kanka ba, kuma ka cancanci manzanci saboda tsaron amanarka da sada zumuncinka da kyakkyawar zamantakewarka da jama'a. Daga nan kuma Abubakar ya ci gaba da zama na hannun daman Manzon Allah Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallama har in da mai raba masoya ta raba su.


Gudunmawarsa ga Addini


Kasancewarsa mutum mai arziki, dattijo, kuma na hannun daman Manzon Allah Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallama ya ba shi damar taimaka ma addinin Musulunci ta hanyoyi da dama; A Makka ya kasance mai bada kariya ga Manzon Allah Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallama daga musgunawa da cin zarafin da mushrikai su ke masa. Har ma Ali Ɗan Abu Ɗalib (R.A) yake cewa, bayan mutuwar Abu Ɗalib babu wanda yake ce wa kafirai tinƙanzil idan suna musguna ma Manzon Allah Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallama sai Abubakar. Ga kuma dukiyarsa da ya yi amfani da ita wajen ci gaban addini har ma Manzon Allah Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallama da kansa yake cewa, "Dukiyar kowa ba ta amfane ni ba kamar yadda dukiyar Abubakar ta amfane ni".


Abubakar ya taya Manzon Allah Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallama wajen kiran mutane zuwa ga Musulunci inda ya janyo musuluntar kusan dukkan muƙarrabansa da amintattunsa kamar su Usmanu ɗan Affan da Zubairu ɗan Awwam da Ɗalhatu ɗan Ubaidullah da Abdur Rahman ɗan Aufu da Sa'adu ɗan Abu Waƙƙas waɗanda dukkansu suna cikin mutane goma da Manzon Allah Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallama ya yi wa bushara da aljanna. Sannan daga bisani ya musuluntar da Usmanu ɗan Maz'un da Amiru (Abu Ubaidah) ɗan Jarrah da Arƙamu ɗan Abul Arƙam da Abu Salamata al Makhzumi waɗanda su ne magabatan farko a shiga Musulunci.


Abubakar ya gina wani ƙaramin Masallaci a farfajiyar gidansa da ke Makka inda yake Sallah da karatun Alƙur'ani. Ga shi kuwa mutum mai daɗin sauti da laushin murya wadda yake garwaya ta da kukan tsoron Allah, abinda ya sa da dama daga talakawan Makka suka rinƙa zuwa saurarensa, wasunsu kuma a dalilin haka suka musulunta. Kuma duk barazanar da mush'rikai su ka yi masa a kan wannan ba ta sa ya daina ba.


A lokacin da yawan musulmi ya kai mutum tamanin da uku sai Abubakar ya nemi manzon Allah Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallama da su fito fili su yi kira zuwa ga gaskiya. Manzon Allah Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallama ya lurar da shi irin haɗarin da ke tattare da ɗaukar wannan mataki a daidai wannan lokaci, amma Abubakar ya nace akan cewa sai su gwada sa’arsu. Hakan ko aka yi. To, amma fa ba wanda ya biya harajin wannan kasada sai shi Abubakar ɗin. Domin kuwa fitowar su ke da wuya, da suka isa masallaci sai Abubakar ya tashi don ya gabatar da Manzon Allah Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallama zuwa ga mutane. 


Ai kuwa ba su bari ya rufe bakinsa ba sai suka fara yi wa musulmi a ture cikin masallaci mai alfarma. Nan take kuwa suka tarwatsa taron musulmi. Sannan suka far ma Abubakar da duka har sai da suka kai shi ƙasa. Sannan Utbatu ɗan Rabi’ata ya ɗare akan cikinsa yana amfani da takalma wajen dukan fuskarsa. Bai gushe ba yana yi masa duka har sai da hankalinsa ya gushe, fuskarsa ta yi jinajina har ba a iya bambanta hancinsa da bakinsa.


Ƙabilar Abubakar ta Banu Taimin sun yo ciri don su ceci ɗan uwansu. Amma koda suka zo gayya ta gama aiki, mush'rikai sun yi ta’adin da suke so akan Abubakar. Suka ɗauke shi a halin suma suna tsammanin ya mutu suka kuma lashi takobin idan ya mutu za su kashe Utbatu ɗan Rabi’ata abinda kuwa da ya faru babu shakka zai haifar da wani gagarumin yaƙi a tsakanin ƙuraishawa. Amma sai Allah ya kiyaye, Abubakar ya farfaɗo can a cikin dare. Kalma ta farko kuwa da ta fito bakinsa ita ce, "Ina Manzon Allah?"


Damuna Baki Mugunta 


Abubakar ya yi amfani da dukiyarsa wajen sayen bayi, talakawa waɗanda ake azabtar da su a kan Musulunci kamar Amiru ɗan Fuhairata wanda yake ya haɗa uwa da 'yarsa Nana A'ishah. Abubakar ya saye shi daga hannun Ɗufail ɗan Abdullahi ɗan Haris wanda yake azabtar da shi. Sannan Abubakar ya 'yanta shi, ya samu damar yin addininsa har ma ya halarci yaƙe-yaƙen Badar da Uhud, ya kuma samu shahada a yaƙin Mu'unah.


Haka shi ma Bilal Ɗan Abu Rabah (Ladanin Manzon Allah Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallama) Abubakar ya same shi ana azabtar da shi sai ya saye shi daga mai gidansa Umayyatu ɗan Khalaf, ya 'yanta shi. Shi ma kuma ya halarci yaƙe-yaƙen Manzon Allah Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallama.


Sai Zinnirah, wata baiwar Allah da Umar ɗan Khaɗɗabi ya mallake ta kafin musuluntarsa, ya kuwa rinƙa azabtar da ita har sai da ta rasa idanunta, Sannan sai Mushrikai suka ce, Lata da Uzza sun la'ance ta shi ya sa ta ma kance amma imaninta da Allah ya sa Maɗaukakin Sarki ya mai da mata da ganinta, sai suka ce, wannan yana cikin sihirin Manzon Allah. A kan wannan baiwar Allah da izgilin da mushrikai ke yi wa Musulunci a kanta aya ta sha ɗaya daga suratul Ahƙaf ta sauka. Abubakar ya fitar da ita daga ƙangin bauta don ta samu 'yancin ba da tata gudummawa ga addinin Allah.


Ba waɗannan kaɗai Abubakar ya saya ya 'yanta su saboda Allah ba, akwai wasu bayi daga ƙabilun Banu Adiyyin da Banu Abdi Shamsin su ma sun more ma karamcin Abubakar da kishinsa ga addini wajen samun wannan babbar garaɓasar da yake neman yardar Allah da Manzonsa a kanta.


Wasu daga cikin darajojinsa


Babu wani daga cikin Sahabban Manzon Allah Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallama wanda ya tara darajoji, musamman waɗanda ya keɓanta da su kamar Sayyadina Abubakar (R.A) Daga cikin darajojinsa akwai tsananin kusancinsa ga Manzon Allah Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallama da kasancewarsa abokin sirrinsa. Misali shi kaɗai ne wanda Manzon Allah Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallama ya sanar da shi yana son Hafsah kafin ya yi maganar aurenta. Ga kuma ayoyin Alƙur'ani da suka sauka suna yaba ma halayensa na jarunta da karimci da tsoron Allah.


Ga shi kuma ya tara dukkan ayyukan alheri da suka sa za a kira shi ta dukkan ƙofofin aljanna, ga kuma fifikonsa na ilimi a kan sauran Sahabbai, domin dukkansu sun aminta cewa, bayan dai ya keɓanta da sanin ilmin nasaba (Dangatakar mutane da sanin tarihin kakanninsu) kuma shi ne ya fi su ilimi daga Manzon Allah Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallama. Manzon Allah Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallama ya yi mafarkin an kawo masa madara a cikin wata ƙwarya sai ya sha har ta gudana a tsakanin fatarsa da tsokarsa, sannan sai ya bai wa Abubakar. Sahabbai suka fassara wannan da cewa, ilmin da Allah ya ba shi ne ya rage wa Abubakar. Sai Manzon Allah Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallama ya ce, kun yi daidai! Kun yi daidai!!.


Abubakar kuma shi ne mafi tsentseni da tsoron Allah a cikinsu. Saboda tsentseninsa ne ya taɓa amaye madarar da ya sha domin ya yi shakkar halalcinta. Haka kuma Manzon Allah Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallama ya ba shi shedar tawali'u da rashin girman kai a lokacin da ya ce masa, kai ba ka jan wandonka saboda girman kai. Imaninsa kuwa ya rinjayi na sauran jama'a kamar yadda Manzon Allah Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallama ya bayyana a wurare da dama.


Shi kaɗai ne yake fatawa a gaban Manzon Allah Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallama, shi kuma kaɗai ne yake wakiltarsa a abinda ya keɓance shi kamar limancin Sallah da jagorancin Hajji da makamantansu.


Jarumtakarsa da tsayuwar ra'ayinsa


Da yawa daga marubuta tarihi suna kallon Abubakar a matsayin mutum mai rauni, maras kuzari, wanda sanyin halinsa ya rinjayi ƙarfin jikinsa. Sukan ɗauki Umar a matsayin ƙaƙƙarfa, matsananci, mai kazar kazar. Wannan sai ya sa mafi yawan makaranta suka kuskuri fahimtar wane irin mutum ne shi Abubakar.


Ga wasu 'yan misalai a gurguje da za su wargaza wannan gurguwar fahimta nan take:


An tambayi sayyiduna Ali Raliyallahu Anhu wane ne duk ya fi ku jarunta? Sai ya ce, ba shakka ni ban taɓa fito na fito da namiji ba sai na kada shi amma a cikinmu babban jarumi shi ne Abubakar. Sai Ali ya ba da labarin irin bajintar Abubakar a ranar da aka yi yaƙin Badar wanda shi ne karo na farko da Musulmi suka fara sanin yaƙi.


Ba dai wani yaƙin da Manzon Allah Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallama ya fita ba tare da Abubakar yana tare da shi ba. Ya kuma shugabantar da shi a kan rundunar yaƙi ba sau ɗaya ba, kuma ba inda ya je ba tare da Allah ya ba shi nasara ba. Misali a shekara ta bakwai bayan hijira shi ya jagoranci rundunar da ta yaƙi Banu Fizarah ya ganimanto dukiyarsu. Sannan shi yake riƙe da tuta a yaƙin da ya fi kowane tsananta a kan Musulmi, shi ne yaƙin Tabuka. A ranar yaƙin Hunaini kuwa Musulmi sun sha wahalar da ta sa akasarinsu suka ja da baya kamar yadda Allah ya faɗa a aya ta 25 a Suratu Ali Imran. Amma duk da haka Abubakar ya tsaya wurin Manzon Allah Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallama yana ba shi kariya tare da 'yan kaɗan daga cikin Sahabbai waɗanda suka haɗa da Umar da Ali da Fadlu ɗan Abbas da babansa Abbas da Usamatu da Abu Sufyan ɗan Harisu. To, wane irin kuzari mu ke nema ga wanda yake a duk yaƙe-yaƙe shi ne yake tare da jagoran tafiya Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallama? Wannan shi ne raggo? A dai sake nazari!


Wani muhimmin abu game da Abubakar shi ne kasancewarsa mai tsayayyen ra'ayi wanda ba a saurin girgiza shi. Wannan ɗabi'a ce da ta ke taimakon shugaba ainun. Mu tuna yadda Umar ya rinƙa jayayya da shi a kan yaƙar waɗanda suka soke rukunin Zakka wai da hujjar cewa, Manzon Allah Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallama ne kawai Allah ya ce ya karɓe ta, tun da kuwa ya cika babu sauran ba da Zakka. A daidai lokacin da Umar ke ganin a dakatar da yaƙarsu har komai ya koma daidai, Abubakar ya nace a kan wajabcin yaƙarsu kuma daga ƙarshe Umar ya gamsu, sannan Allah ya ba su nasara. Abubakar ya kuma yi jayayya da Usamatu ɗan Zaidu da mafi yawancin Sahabbai a kan tafiyar rundunar Usamatu ɗin bayan cikawar Manzon Allah Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallama. Duk a waɗannan wurare Abubakar shi kaɗai yake a ra'ayinsa, kuma bai ja da baya ba har sai da Allah ya nuna wa mutane cewa ra'ayin nasa shi ne daidai.


Wane irin kuzari muke nema ga Abubakar, mutumin da kowa ya ruɗe a lokacin wafatin Manzon Allah Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallama har ba mai iya ba da sanarwar haka sai shi? wanda ya yanke hanzarin duk mai wata shakka ko mai nufin ya sauya tafiya bayan cikawar Manzon Allah Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallama a cikin wannan haɗaɗɗiyar huɗubar tasa? Irin wannan huɗubar ce kuma ya yi wadda ta raba gardama a Saƙifa lokacin zaɓen khalifa na farko.


Daga cikin siffofin jagoranci da Abubakar yake da su akwai zurfin nazari da hangen nesa waɗanda ya same su saboda tsawon daɗewa tare da Manzon Allah Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallama. Duba yadda su ka yi da Umar ranar Hudaibiyah, ranar da mushrikai suka hana su shiga garinsu na asali, Makka, wanda suka nufa don su girmama ɗakin Allah, su yi Umrah sannan su koma wurin hijirarsu. A wannan ranar Manzon Allah Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallama ya hangi wani abin da sauran Musulmi ba su hanga ba wanda ya sa ya ce, a yau duk sharaɗin da suka ba ni zan karɓa. Daga ƙarshe mushrikai suka nemi Manzon Allah Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallama ya kwance haramarsa, ga shi kuwa yana dab da shiga garin Makka. Suka ce, sai ya koma har bayan shekara ɗaya za su yi masa iznin sake dawowa. Suka kuma ɗora masa alhakin mayar da duk wanda ya musulunta daga ranar nan idan ya yi hijira, a yayin da suka sharɗanta ma kansu in wani ya yi ridda ya baro Manzon Allah Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallama ba za su mayar da shi ba. Duk dai Manzon Allah Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallama ya ce ya yarda. A nan ne Musulmi suka ɗaure fuska, Umar kuwa yazo wajen Abubakar yana so ya yi masa tambaya. Abubakar ya ce, bismillah! Umar ya ce, ashe ba mu muke a kan gaskiya, su suke a kan ƙarya ba? Abubakar ya ce, haka ne. Ashe Manzon Allah Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallama bai gaya mana Allah ya yi alƙawarin za mu shiga Masallaci mai alfarma ba? Ya ce, haka ne. To, don me za mu ɗauki wulaƙanci a addininmu?


A nan ne Abubakar ya ce masa, shin ka san cewa shi Manzon Allah ne? Umar ya ce, eh. Ya ce, to, zai saɓa masa ne? Ya ce, a’a. Ya ce, to, da ya ce Allah ya yi mana alƙawarin shiga Makka ya gaya maka cewa a wannan shekarar ne? ya ce, a'a. Ya ce, to, ka jira Allah zai cika ma Manzonsa alƙawarin da ya yi masa, kuma ba zai taɓa tozarta shi ba. Mu lura da irin nazarinsa da hangen nesa da ƙarfin imaninsa da Manzon Allah Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallama. Wannan shi ya sa Manzon Allah Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallama ya fi karkata ga ra'ayinsa idan aka zo wajen shawara kamar yadda ya faru bayan yaƙin Badar game da fursunonin da aka kama, Umar yana ganin a kashe su a huta, a yayin da shi kuma Abubakar yake ganin a fanshe su don a kyautata ma zumunta, a nemi ƙarin ƙarfi da kuɗin fansar, a kuma yi fatar su shiriya a dalilin afuwar da aka yi mu su. Sai Manzon Allah Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallama ya bi shawarar Abubakar.


 Tarihin Sayyadina Abubakar Dan Abu Kuhafa Kashi Na Biyar (5)




Abubakar Na Manzon Allah 




Nuni ya ishi mai hankali


Tun kafin cikawarsa Manzon Allah Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallama ya bayyana ma Musulmi sha'awarsa ga khalifantar da Abubakar a madadinsa. Ga shi dai shi ne Amirul Hajji guda ɗaya da aka taɓa yi a zamanin Manzon Allah Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallama, ga kuma shi an umurce shi da ba da Sallah.


Wasu mutane kuma sun nemi Manzon Allah Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallama ya faɗa musu inda zas u kai zakkarsu a bayan rayuwarsa sai ya ce, su kai ma Abubakar. A yayin da ya yi ma wata mace hukunci kuwa ya ce mata, ki dawo lokaci kaza, sai ta ce, to in ban tarar da kai ba fa? Tana nufin in rai ya yi halinsa. Sai Annabi Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallama ya ce ma ta, sai ki je ki samu Abubakar.


To, in ko har ya kasance Abubakar shi zai jagoranci sallah da hajji da sha'anin zakkah, kuma ya yanke hukunci a tsakanin mutane to, ina wani shugaba ba shi ba?


Wani lokacin ma Manzon Allah Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallama ya kan yi umurni da a kira masa Abubakar da iyalansa don ya ba da wasicin gare su amma kuma sai ya fasa yana mai ƙarawa da cewa, Allah ba zai bari a kauce ma Abubakar ba, Musulmi ma kuma ba za su yi hakan ba. Lokaci na ƙarshe da haka ta faru shi ne a daren juma'arsa ta ƙarshe a duniya in da Manzon Allah Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallama ya ce, a kawo masa takarda zai sa a rubuta alƙawari wanda zai hana saɓani, amma sai sayyiduna Umar ya ce, kar ku matsa ma Manzon Allah, ga littafin Allah a gabanmu, me kuke nema daga Manzon Allah Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallama? Ai zafin ciwon da yake fama da shi ya ishe shi. Da aka soma maganganu akai sai Manzon Allah Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallama ya ce, ku tashi ku ba ni wuri! Bai kuma sake wannan maganar ba a sauran wuni huɗu da ya yi bayan haka a duniya.


Abubakar ya zama khalifan farko


Ba zai yiwu ga duk wata al'umma mai cin gashin kanta ba ta wayi gari kuma ta maraita ba wani shugaba a kanta. Wannan shi zai fassara irin hanzarin da aka yi wajen tsayar da wanda zai gaji Manzon Rahmah Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallama.


A yammacin ranar litinin ne wadda Manzon Allah Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallama ya cika a cikinta, Abubakar ya samu labarin cewa, Ansaru, mutanen Madina sun yi gangami a wani waje da ake kira Saƙifa, can arewacin birni, sun fara nazarin sha'anin khalifanci a bayan Manzo Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallama. Kaitsaye Abubakar ya tasar ma wurin wannan taron na Ansar domin ya gane ma idonsa irin wainar da ake toyawa. A tare da shi akwai mutane biyu daga cikin manyan Muhajirai, su ne; Umar ɗan Khaɗɗabi da Amiru (Abu Ubaidata) ɗan Jarrah waɗanda bisa ga sa'a ne ya haɗu da su ba tare da an je nemansu don su halarci taron ba.


Da Abubakar ya iso wurin taron sai ya nemi su gabatar masa da bayanin abin da su ke ciki. Magabata daga cikinsu su ka yi jawabai cike da yabawa ga kawunansu da bayyana irin matsayinsu a Musulunci. Umar ya so a ba shi dama bayan haka ya yi magana, amma Abubakar ya neme shi da ya dakata. Sannan shi Abubakar ɗin ya yi wani gajeren jawabi wanda ya tabbatar ma Ansaru da duk abin da suka faɗi na falala har ma da ƙari a kan hakan. Ya ƙara da cewa, amma kuma kun sani mutane ba za su iya miƙa wuya ga wata ƙabila ba sai ta ƙuraishawa. Wannan shi ya sa Manzon Allah Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallama ya ba da umurnin tsayar da khalifanci a cikinsu. Sannan ya tambayi ɗaya daga cikin manyan shugabannin Ansar, Sa'adu ɗan Ubadah (wanda shi ne Ansar su ke son su naɗa a matsayin khalifa) cewa, ko ka ji wannan bayani daga Manzon Allah Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallama? Sa'adu ya ce, eh.


Ganin haka ta faru, ga gaskiya ta fito a fili cewa, akwai matsala wani ba Baƙuraishe ba ya jiɓinci wannan lamari, kuma ga umurnin Manzon Allah Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallama wanda shugaban nasu ya yi iƙirari a kansa, sai jikinsu ya yi sanyi, ya kasance ba abinda ya rage a kansu sai miƙa wuya ga gaskiya. Don haka nan take Abubakar ya ce ma su, to, in haka ne, ni na aminta ku naɗa ɗayan waɗannan biyu da ke tare da ni Umar ko Abu Ubaidah domin kowannensu ya cancanta.


Faɗin haka da Abubakar ya yi sai wani daga cikin Ansaru ya ce, ni na samar muku da wata mafita mai sauƙi ita ce, a naɗa shugabanni biyu, ɗaya daga cikinku ɗaya daga cikinmu. Sai Zaidu ɗan Sabitu (ɗaya daga cikin Ansar ɗin har wayau) ya ce, a'a, gaskiya dai ita ce, Manzon Allah Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallama shi ne ya kasance shugaba, mu kuma mu ne mataimakansa. Don haka, su naɗa khalifa mu kuma mu taimaka masa. A nan ne Umar ya yi wata magana wadda ta daɗa kashe musu jiki baki ɗaya. Ya ce, ya ku jama'a! Manzon Allah Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallama fa shi ne ya naɗa Abubakar don ya ba mu Sallah. A cikinmu wane ne yake iya mayar da shi baya shi ya shiga gaba?


Da haka dai Umar ya nemi amincewar Abubakar don ya yi masa mubaya'a. Nan take kuma sauran jama'a gaba ɗaya suka mara masa baya ba tare da wata jayayya da ta biyo bayan hakan ba. Washegari ranar talata Abubakar ya zauna a kan mimbari sauran al'umma su ka yi tasu mubaya'a musamman Muhajirai da aka yi wancan taron ba da su ba.


Ko Ali ya yi mubaya'a ga Abubakar?


Manazarta sun ƙari junansu sani a kan wannan magana. Abinda yake tabbatacce dai shi ne, Ali ya yi mubaya'a ga Abubakar amma ba a cikin gangamin farko da aka yi ranar talata ba. To, ko akwai wani jinkiri mai yawa a tsakanin mubaya'arsa da ta sauran Sahabbai? Kuma mene ne dalilin haka? Wannan shi ne muhallin da masana su ke saɓani a kansa.


Akwai dai wata muhimmiyar rana da Abubakar ya yi huɗuba wadda a cikinta yake cewa, Wallahi ban taɓa kwaɗayin sarauta ba a dare ko a safiya, ban kuma taɓa roƙon Allah a kanta ba a sarari ko a ɓoye. Bayan haka ne sai Ali da Zubairu suka tashi suka ba da hanzarinsu ga Abubakar, suna cewa, mu daman mun yarda da cancantarka ga wannan al'amari, domin mun san matsayinka a wurin Manzon Allah Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallama, kuma mun san ya umurce ka da ka bada Sallah, amma mun ji zafin ba a yi shawara da mu ba.


A ruwayar Abu Sa'id al Khudri cewa ya yi, Abubakar ya duba a cikin mutane yana kan mumbari bai ga fuskar Ali ba, sai ya aika kiransa ya ce masa, ya aka yi ka na ƙanin Manzon Allah Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallama kuma surukinsa sannan ka ke son ka raba kan Musulmi? Sai Ali ya ce masa, kada ka damu, ya miƙa hannunsa ya yi masa mubaya'a.


Daga cikin ra'ayoyin malamai kan fassara rashin gaggawar mubaya'arsa akwai masu alaƙanta shi da cewa, Fatimah (A.S) matarsa ta nemi a raba gadon mahaifinta Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallama domin a ba ta nata kaso. Abubakar kuwa ya sanar da ita abinda ya ji daga Manzon Allah Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallama cewa, su Annabawa ba a gadonsu, abin da duk suka bari ya zama sadaƙa ga Musulmi. Fatimah ta yi fushi a kan wannan magana kuma ba ta sake yi masa maganar ba har Allah ya karɓi ranta.


Duk da kasancewar Abubakar ba ya da laifi a cikin wannan lamari, amma an ruwaito ya je ya roƙi afuwarta a kan fushin da ta yi kuma ta yafe masa.


A ra'ayin wasu marubuta, wannan rashin jituwa a tsakanin khalifa da uwar gidan Ali shi ya janyo jinkirin da Ali ya yi wajen ba da mubaya'arsa. To, amma ruwayar da mu ka ambata a baya tana nuna cewa, damuwarsa a kan rashin shawartarsa ne a lokacin da aka naɗa khalifa shi ya kawo jinkirin mubaya’arsa.

            

Duk yadda al'amarin ya kasance dai, Ali ya yi mubaya'a ga khalifa Abubakar, ko da farko ko kuma daga baya. Kuma ya shiga a cikin sha'anin gwamnatinsa, ya yi yaƙi a rundunonin da su ka yi faɗa da waɗanda su ka yi ridda da waɗanda suka soke rukunin zakka. Kamar yadda ya bada gudunmawa mai yawa wajen tafiyar da mulkin Abubakar ta hanyar shawarwarinsa masu amfani.


Jinkirin da ya yi kuma ba zai kawo giɓi a sha'anin shugabanci ba, domin kamar yadda za mu gani a nan gaba, ba wani shugaban da bai gamu da irin wannan ba har shi kansa sayyiduna Ali a lokacin da nasa khalifancin ya kama.


Ayyukan Abubakar a lokacin shugabancinsa


Duk da ƙarancin lokacinsa, Abubakar ya yi ayyuka masu muhimmanci kuma masu yawan gaske waɗanda suka yaɗa manufofin Musulunci suka kafa daularsa, kana suka ba shi kariya daga sharrin maƙiya.


Tun da farko da karɓar aikinsa sai da ya shigar da duk sauran dukiyar da ya mallaka a cikin taskar gwamnati a matsayin sadaka zuwa ga Musulmi. Sannan ya ci gaba da sana'arsa kamar yadda ya saba. Daga bisani Umar ya lura da rashin yiwuwar haɗa aikin khalifa da kasuwanci inda ya nemi Abubakar ya dakatar da kasuwancinsa a yanka masa albashi. A lokacin da ya buƙaci ƙarin albashi kuwa sai da Sarkin Musulmi Abubakar ya nemi iznin jama'a a kan mimbari suka aminta sai dai wani mutumin ƙauye guda ɗaya da ya ce su ba su aminta ba. Abubakar ya ce masa, ai ku mutanen karkara 'yan amshi ne ga mutanen birni, in sun yarda ku sai dai ku ce Amin.


Abubakar ya kasance mai darajanta Manzon Allah Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallama ƙwarai da gaske. Shi ya sa a lokacin da ya karɓi dukiyar farko a halifancinsa wadda ta zo masa daga Bahrain sai ya shelanta cewa, duk wanda Manzon Allah Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallama ya yi masa wani alƙawari to, ya zo mu cika masa. Haka kuwa ya biya duk bashin alƙawurran da Manzon Allah Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallama ya yi.


Daga cikin ayyukan khalifa Abubakar akwai tattara Alƙur'ani da ya yi. Wannan kuwa ya faru ne a lokacin da aka ƙarasa yaƙin Yamamah, aka fatattaki sojojin Musailamah, sai Abubakar ya lura da cewa, mahardatan Alƙur'ani da yawa sun kwanta dama. A nan ne ya yanke shawarar a tattara Alƙur'ani wuri ɗaya a matsayin littafi a maimakon a dogara ga mahaddata waɗanda yaƙe-yaƙe na iya kawowa baya gare su.


Kasancewar sahabbai sun tarbiyyantu a kan bin Manzon Allah Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallama sau da ƙafa, Umar ya yi jayayya da Abubakar a kan wannan ra'ayi nasa yana mai cewa, ya za ka aikata abin da Annabi Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallama bai aikata ba? Abubakar ya nace a kan ra'ayinsa yana lurar da shi cewa, wannan aikin alheri ne da Annabi zai yi farin ciki da al'ummarsa idan ta yi shi. Kuma ma dole ne a ɗauki wannan mataki don kare shi Alƙur'anin daga ɓacewa.


Wannan hangen nesan na Abubakar ya taimaka ainun wajen sadar da littafin Allah zuwa ga jama'a a wurare daban-daban na duniya ba tare da wani sauyi a cikinsa ba sai fa irin bambancin da ke akwai na karatun wasu kalmomi (ƙira'oi) wanda tun a zamanin Manzon Allah Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallama shi ya ba da izninsa don yalwantawa.


Yaƙe-yaƙen da a ka yi a lokacinsa


Abubakar ya karɓi ragamar khalifanci a lokacin da Larabawa su ka yi ridda suka fice daga addinin Musulunci in ban da mazaunan waɗannan birane, su ne; Makka da Madinah da Ɗa'ifa da Bahrain. 


Kwarjinin daular Musulunci ya kusa ya tafi ga baki ɗaya daga idon mutane ganin cewa jagoran tafiya ya kau daga duniya. A wannan lokacin ne wasu maƙaryata suka bayyana kamar Al Aswad Al Anasi a ƙasar yaman, da Musailamah Al Thaƙafi a Yamamah, da Ɗulaihah Al Asadi a ƙasar Najdu, dukkansu suna da'awar annabta. Ita ma Sajahi wata mata ce da ta yi irin wannan da’awa ta ƙarya.


Siddiƙu ya fuskanci wannan ƙabubale da zuciya mai ƙarfin imani da nasarar Allah, babu ja da baya.


Tun da farko sai ya zartas da ci gaban tafiyar rundunar Usamatu wadda Manzon Allah Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallama ya aike ta zuwa ƙasashen Balƙa'u a kudancin Jordan da Darum ta kudancin Falasɗinu kusa da yankin Gaza domin su yaƙe su, su yi kira zuwa ga Musulunci. Wannan shawara da Abubakar ya yanke ta gamu da ja in ja sosai daga ɓangaren Sahabbai har ma da shi Usamatu ɗin kansa, ganin cewa yanayi ya canza, ya kamata Musulmi su damu da gyara cikin gida maimakon neman fita waje, kuma musamman ƙasashen da suke cikin riƙon Rumawa ƙasa ta biyu a wajen ƙarfin yaƙi da makamai a duniya.


Abubakar dai bai sauya ra'ayinsa ba yana mai kafa hujja da cewa, Manzon Allah Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallama da kansa ne ya nanata batun tafiyar wannan runduna don haka ba abin da zai hana tafiyarsu. 


A cikin hikimar Gwanin Sarki wannan shawara sai ta zama alheri ga Musulmi domin kuwa duk in da wannan runduna ta shuɗa sai labarinta ake yi, ana mamakin irin ƙarfin da Musulmi su ke da shi a wannan lokaci wanda ya sa wafatin jagoransu ba ta karya su ba har ma suna nufin shelanta yaƙi a ƙasashen waje. Wannan sai ya maido da kwarjinin Musulmi a idon sauran mutane. Waɗanda kuwa suka yanke shawarar ficewa daga Musulunci sai cikinsu ya ɗuri ruwa suka haƙiƙance ba su iya ja da wannan sabuwar gwamnati, abinda ya sauƙaƙe ma Abubakar samun cikakkiyar nasara a kansu. Bayan kimanin kwanaki saba'in daga fitar rundunar Usamatu sai ga su sun dawo da cikakkiyar nasara da ganimomi masu tarin yawa.


Bayan haka ne Abubakar ya ɗaga tutoci guda goma waɗanda ya zaɓi mayaƙansu da kansa don yaƙi da masu ridda, ya kuma fita da kansa don ganin nasarar waɗannan rundunoni duk da yake Ali Raliyallahu Anhu ya yi ƙoƙarin nuna masa haɗarin fitar da kansa in da ya ce masa, kar ka yi mana hasarar kanka. Irin maganar da Manzon Allah Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallama ya gaya ma Abubakar ɗin a yayin da ya ga kuzarinsa da ƙuzaminsa a yaƙin Badar.


Jagororin yaƙin ridda


Fitattun jagororin jihadi a wannan lokaci sun haɗa da Khalid ɗan Walid wanda ya yaƙi ƙabilun Asad da Gaɗfan mabiyan Ɗulaihah Al Asadi, ɗaya daga cikin annabawan ƙarya. A ƙarƙashin tutar Khalid kuwa akwai manyan baraden musulunci cikinsu har da Ali ɗan Abu Ɗalib (R.A).


Daga cikin jagororin har wayau akwai Ikrimah ɗan Abu Jahli da Shurahbilu ɗan Hassanah waɗanda suka yaƙi ƙabilar Banu Hanifah mabiyan Musailimah. Daga bisani Khalid ya karɓi ragamar wannan yaƙin bayan ya gama da mutanen Ɗulaihah da magoya bayan Sajahi ba'annabiyar ƙarya.


Akwai kuma Khalid ɗan Sa'id ɗan Ass wanda ya je iyakokin Sham, da Amru ɗan Ass da ya yaƙi ƙabilar Ƙudha'ah da Ala'u ɗan Hadhrami da ya nufaci ƙasar Bahrain. Wasu tutocin kuwa sun nufaci ƙabilun Hawazin da Banu Sulaim da Kindah da Banu Tamim da ƙabilun Tihama ta ƙasar Yaman da sauransu. 


Sahabbai sun gamu da taimakon Allah mai yawa, domin kusan a duk yaƙe-yaƙen da suka je abokan gaba sun fi su yawa, amma ƙarfin imaninsu da Allah da kyakkyawar manufarsu ta kare addininsa ta sanya taimakon Allah ya zamo a gefensu. 


Misali a yaƙin da aka fi sani da suna Harbul Yamamah yawan mayaƙan Banu Hanifah ya kai mutum dubu arba'in amma sojojin Khalid ɗan Walid sun daure a kan haɗuwa da su har sai da suka kashe sama da sojoji dubu goma daga cikinsu, sannan suka kai ga Musailimah inda Wahshi ya ɗara masa kibiya wadda ta halaka shi. 


Duka duka Musulmin da su ka yi shahada a wannan yaƙi ba su zarce ɗari shida ba. Daga baya ƙabilar Banu Hanifa sun nemi sulhu bisa ga tilas, Khalid ya rattaɓa hannunsa a kan wata yarjejeniya da su wadda a bayanta ne suka musulunta baki ɗayansu. Kafin haka Musulmi sun ganimanci dukiya da bayi masu yawa daga wurinsu.


A cikinsu har da kuyangar Sayyiduna Ali, Khaulatu ɗiyar Ja’afar Al Hanafiyyah wadda ita ce ta haifa masa Muhammad wanda aka fi sani da suna Ibnul Hanafiyyah (Ɗaya daga cikin Imamai ma'asumai a wajen wasu ɓangarori na Shi'a).


Bayan gama yaƙin Ridda 


Bayan da Sayyadina Abubakar (R.A) ya haƙiƙance cewa, ya magance matsalar ridda, sai ya mayar da hankalinsa ga faɗaɗa daular Musulunci ta hanyar isar da saƙonsa zuwa sauran ƙasashen ƙetare.


A nan ne fa aka gwabza yaƙe-yaƙe tare da sojojin majusuwa na Farisa da kiristocin Sham. Mafi shahara daga cikin yaƙe-yaƙen da aka yi shi ne yaƙin Yarmuk wanda Musulmi ƙimanin dubu ashirin da bakwai (27,000) suka tunkari rundunar kiristoci mai mayaƙa dubu ɗari da ashirin (120,000).


Musulmi kafin su cimma fagen wannan yaƙi sun gamu da ƙishirwa mai tsanani wadda ta tilasta su yanka raƙumansu don su samu ruwan sha. Haka kuma sun samar da sababbin hanyoyi a cikin sunƙurmin daji don taƙaita tafiya.


An ba da labarin cewa, a cikin wannan yaƙin ne Mahan Sarkin Ruma ya nemi ganawa da Khalid, inda ya nemi ya tozarta Musulmi yana mai cewa, mun samu labarin yunwa ta fitar da ku. Don haka, za mu sallame ku da Dinari goma goma kowannenku. Za mu kuma ba ku tufafi da abinci, mu kuma rinƙa aika muku irinsu kowace shekara.


To, da yake an ce karen bana shi ke maganin zomon bana, Khalid (R.A) sai ya ba shi amsa da cewa, mu ba abinda ya kawo mu ke nan ba. Mu dai a rayuwarmu babu abin da mu ke so kamar shan jinin ɗan adam, sai mu ka sami labarin cewa, jinin Rumawa ya fi kowane jinin ɗan adam daɗi, shi ne mu ka zo mu yaƙe ku domin mu sha.


Faɗin haka sai cikin gogan da na jama'arsa suka ɗuri ruwa, ba tare da ɓata lokaci ba bayan fara yaƙin Rumawa suka rinƙa arcewa suna tsoron a shanye jinin su.


Nasarar Allah ta sauka ga Musulmi nan take 


Har wayau a wannan yaƙin ne Sahabbai suka bar wani gagarumin abin tarihi wanda ba a taɓa ganin irinsa ba. Domin kuwa an samu ruwa kaɗan a lokacin tsananin ƙishi amma ya kasance kowannensu yana cewa a kai ma wani ɗan uwansa Musulmi har sai da wasu daga cikinsu suka mutu saboda ƙishirwa alhalin suna zaɓin 'yan uwansu da wannan ruwa.


Ajali Ya kusanto, Abubakar Ya Nemi Shawarar Sahabbai 


Lokacin da ciwon ajali ya tsananta ga Sarkin Musulmi Abubakar sai ya tara abokan shawararsa daga cikin Sahabbai ya nemi ra'ayinsu dangane da wanda zai gaje shi.


Gaba ɗayansu sai suka ce, mun ba ka gari, ra'ayinka shi ne namu, kowanensu yana ƙoƙarin ya ture ta daga kansa. Ganin haka sai Abubakar ya neme su da su yi masa jinkiri har ya sake yin nazari.


Bayan haka, sai ya aika aka kira masa Abdur Rahman ɗan Auf ya tambaye shi kai tsaye, mene ne ra'ayinka dangane da Umar? Abdur Rahman ya ce, duk inda ka ajiye shi ya wuce nan.


Sannan ya kira Usman ɗan Affan ya tambaye shi, sai ya ce, baɗininsa ya fi zahiri. Abubakar ya ce masa, ka kyauta ma kanka domin idan ta tsallake shi to ba inda za ta faɗa sai a kanka.


Allah Mai zamani! Mu duba yadda mulki yake abin gudu a wancan lokaci, amma ba da daɗewa ba sai duniya ta canza.


A lokacin rasuwarsa, 'yar' sa A'ishah Uwar Muminai tana zaune a gabansa tana koyi da wani mawaƙi da yake faɗin albarkacin bakinsa game da mutuwa don ta rage wa kanta damuwa. A nan ne Siddiƙu ya ɗaga kansa ya ce da ita, me ya sa ba za ki karanta in da Allah yake cewa 


) وَجَاءَتْ سَكْرَةُ الْمَوْتِ بِالْحَقِّ ذَلِكَ مَا كُنْتَ مِنْهُ تَحِيدُ (19)( سورة


Ma'ana 


Kuma mayen mutuwa ya je da gaskiya. (Sai a ce masa) Wannan shi ne abin da ka kasance kana bijirewa daga gare shi. Suratu Ƙaf, aya ta 19.


Da ciwonsa ya daɗa tsananta an nemi izninsa don a kawo masa likita, sai ya ce, "Ai likita ya duba ni".


Aka ce, me ya faɗa? Ya ce, "Ya ce: "Ni mai aikata abin da naga dama ne". Yana nufin cewa, Allah ya san halin da yake ciki kuma ba zai fasa abinda ya hukunta ba.


Abubakar ya yi wafati a cikin watan Jimadha Akhir a shekara ta goma sha uku bayan hijira bayan ya yi shekaru biyu da watanni uku a kan wannan muƙami.