Monday 20 November 2017

CIKAKKEN TARIHIN SARAUNIYA AMINA TA BIRNINZAZZAU: MACE MAI KAMAR MAZA - KARANTA YANZU KAJI

Tura Wannan Zuwa Ga
Amina Sarauniyar Zazzau, ko kuma ace
sadaukiyar zazzau wadda akace ta rayu a
wajajen shekara ta 1433 zuwa 1610, ɗaya ce
daga cikinya'ya uku da sarkin Zazzau Bakwa
Turunku ya haifa.

Biography of Amina The Queen of Zaria City 

Watau ita Amina ɗin da
ƙanwarta mai suna Zariya, sai namijin kaninsu da
ake kira Karama.

Ance Amina tayi sarautar Zazzau bayan rasuwar
ɗan uwanta Karama wanda ya soma gadar
mahaifinsu, a wajajen shekara ta 1509 zuwa
1522, ance kuma shekarunta 13 kacal akan
karagar mulki ta rasu.

Kuma ita ce mace ta farko
da ta mulki masarautar Zazzau, shugaba ta shida
a cikin sarakunan haɓe waɗanda sukai mulki
bayan Addinin Musulunci ya fara bayyana a ƙasar
Zazzau.
Har ila yau a cikin jerin sarakunan
Zazzau gaba ɗaya ita ce ta 23.

Sarauniya Amina ta shahara matuƙa a ƙasar
Hausa da ma yankunan da daular Usmaniyya ta
mulka.

Ta-yi-ta kaiwa da komowa na yaƙe-yaƙe a
wurare da dama. Mulkin Amina ya faɗaɗa tun
daga Zariya har zuwa ƙasar Abuja, da kuma can
yankin kwararrafawa dake kasar bauchi sai kuma
ƙananan garuruwa na kabilun Nufawa da jukun da
dama da sarauniya Amina ta karɓe ikonsu
waɗanda akace ba masu girma bane, amma ta
kafasu a matsayin makarai, watau kamar dai ace
wurare ne data ya-da zango kuma suka faɗa
karkashin ikonta.

Shine har akace tana sanyawa
ayi ganuwa don samar da tsaro, ganuwar da ake
sanyawa suna 'Ganuwar Amina' (har yanzu akwai
wuraren a jihohin kano da katsina).
Da yake Kasar hausa na cikin yamutsin yake-
yake tun daga wajajen shekara ta 1200 har zuwa
1700, Kasar zazzau ta zamo cikin halin rashin
zama lafiya da makwabtanta a wannan lokaci.

Daular Songhai ta kawo mamaya kasar hausa a
wannan tsakani, sannan garuruwan kano, katsina
da Borno sun zamo manyan abokan gaba ga
zazzau.

Don haka akace kasar zazzau ta zamo
tana matukar bukatar jarumin shugaba a koda
wanne lokaci.

Akace akan haka ne Amina ta gaji sarauta.
Kuma
duk da kasancewar ta mace, ta zamo jaruma
abar tsoro ga sadaukai.

Tun tana karama ake ganin alamomin
sadaukantaka a tare da ita har girman ta.
Don
haka lokacin da tahau kan mulki bata samu
turjiya daga Sadaukan fadar zazzau ba.
Ance watan Amina ukku akan gadon sarauta ta
fara fita yake-yake, inda tarinka cinye garuruwa
da yaki tana faɗaɗa masarrautar ta.

A wata fadar ma ance kafin tabar mulki, saida ta
tursasa sarakunan Kano da katsina su rinka
biyanta Haraji na bayi da goro domin su zauna
lafiya.

Koda yake wani zancen ya ruwaito cewa
Amina ta fuskanci matsananciyar turjiyar yaki
daga wani Sarki mai suna Muhammadu Kanejeji,
sarkin da Littafin Tarihin kano mai taken 'Kano
chronicle' ya ruwaito a matsayin Sarkin Kano na
14 a jerin Sarakunan haɓe.

Amma wasu na ganin
ta taɓa samun nasarar da har saida ta kori kowa
daga birnin kano.

Sai dai bisa wannan, wasu masanan tarihi Mr.
J.F Ajayi da Michael Crowder sun sanya rayuwar
Amina baya da yadda ake ɗauka duba da yadda
littafin tarihin kano ya zayyana cewar tayi sharafi
a zamanin sarki Kanajeji, wanda lissafi ya auna
cewar ya rayu ne a wuraren shekara ta
1420-1438.
Shi kuma wani masanin tarihin afirka mai suna
P.J.M. McEwan ya ruwaito cewa Sarauniya
Amina tacinye garuruwan Nufawa dana
Kwararrafawa dake yankin ta duka da yaki a
lokacin rayuwarta.

Wasu kuma sunce ga dukkan alamu, sai da
Amina tafi karfin sarakunan hausa dake mulkin
garuruwan kano, Rano, katsina, Daura da Gobir
kafin rasuwar ta.

A takaice dai, Babu wani daya taɓa ruwaito cewa
Sarauniya Amina ta taɓa aure na din-din-din a
rayuwarta, balle ace tabar zuriya bayan
rasuwarta.
Abinda akace tanayi shine, tana zaɓar
sadauki ne idan ta cinye gari da yaki ta (aureshi)
kwana dashi, kashegari ta hallaka shi, har wasu
sukace a irin haka ta haɗu da wani wanda ya
hallaka ta.

Sarauniya Amina tana da jarumta sosai, don haka
duk inda zatake yaki itace ke jagorantar rundunar
yakin.

Kuma zaiyi wahala tayi yaki bataci nasara
ba. Wannan ne silar dayasa sunanta ya ɗaukaka
a lokacin har wasu ke cewa Amina batayi
sarautar zazzau ba, kurum dai Shugabar mayakan
zazzau ce wadda sunanta ya kasance
maɗaukaki.

Wasu turawa kuwa sun rubuta tarihinta
ɗaruruwan shekaru da suka gabata. Har ma ance
Shirin fim din Hollywood mai suna 'Xena: The
warrior queen' anyi shi akan tane domin ya nuna
tarihin ta.

Dangane da batun waje ko kuma garin da
Sarauniya Amina ta rasu, a gaskiya babu tabbas,
to amma masana tahiri suna kyautata zaton
cewa ta rasu ne a can ƙasar Gara, wato ƙasar
Igala kenan, wadda ke cikin jihar Kogi a arewacin
Najeriya a halin yanzu.

Wasu kuma sukace sam nemar ta akayi aka rasa
bayan wani attajiri dayaji labarinta, sai yazo ya
nemi kwana da ita, kafin gari ya waye ya sirare
yabarta. Ance dagari ya waye sai itama tabar
gari, kuma ba'a kara jin duriyar taba. Wannan
dalili ne ma ya sa ba a san takamaiman inda
kabarinta ya ke ba.

Har ila yau, Wasu sunce kabarinta nacan kasar
Bidda, kusa da wani gari nai suna Atagara, wai
taje yaki ne ajali ya kamata har aka binneta
acan..
Ana mata kirari da 'amina 'yar bakwa ta san
rana, mace mai kamar maza kwari ne babu'.
Sai dai har yanzu da akwai bayanai masu
sarƙaƙiya da kuma saɓani na masana tarihi a
game da rayuwar sarauniya Amina, musamman
wajen tabbatar da cewar tayi sarautar zazzau ko
kuwa gimbiyar yaki kurum ta zamo ga zazzau
ɗin, ba illa yadda wani littafin masarautar zazzau
na baya-bayan nan ya rubuta sunayen sarakunan
Zazzau tun daga farkon madarautar har zuwa
yau ba tare da sanya sunan taba, to amma dai
magana mafi rinjaye ita ce, Sarauniya Amina ta
taɓa wanzuwa a doron ƙasa, a matsayin jaruma a
daular masarautar Zazzau.

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